Thesis Obtención de microestructuras ausferríticas en aceros fundidos de medio carbono y baja aleación
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Date
2016
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Program
Ingeniería Civil Metalúrgico
Campus
Campus Casa Central Valparaíso
Abstract
Con la creciente industria minera en Chile, los equipos de molienda son cada vez más grandes. En particular los revestimientos de los molinos SAG, que reciben impacto y abrasión más elevados, requieren mayor dureza y tenacidad. Las composiciones de los aceros, como asimismo las microestructuras han variado muy poco para ajustarse a las nuevas condiciones: estas últimas van desde perlita (fina y gruesa), hasta martensita revenida y mezclas. Los tratamientos térmicos actuales de estos aceros tratan de evitar la formación de bainita. Tarea compleja, ya que al ser más grandes, las piezas poseen mayores inercias térmicas, haciendo que existan diferentes microestructuras entre superficie e interior. Una microestructura que podría hacer frente a las exigencias a las que son sometidos los revestimientos de molinos SAG son las Ausferríticas; Microestructuras bifásicas que combinan elevada tenacidad y dureza, se forman por enfriamientos relativamente rápidos desde la fase austenita. Para obtener la microestructura Ausferrita de elevada tenacidad hay que impedir la formación de carburos, para lo cual se utiliza el silicio o aluminio como elemento que retrasa la formación de estos. En este trabajo se obtiene la microestructura Ausferrita, tras modificar una aleación base utilizada en revestimientos de molinos, elevando su contenido de silicio sobre el 1%, luego se realizaron coladas de prueba que fueron sometidas a tratamientos térmicos isotérmicos en el rango de temperaturas de transformación bainítica(...).
As the mining industry in Chile continues increasing the necessity of milling equipment becomes larger. As an example, currently SAG mills liners undergo higher impact and abrasion wear which requires higher hardness and toughness. Both composition and microstructures of the steels have varied very little along the year to adjust to the new conditions of performance. The microstructures range from pearlite (fine to coarse) to tempered martensite. Current heat treatments of these steels seek to avoid bainite formation which is a complex task because larger parts have higher thermal inertia resulting in different microstructures between the surface and the interior of a component. A microstructure that could improve the performance and satisfy the demands of SAG mill liners could be ausferrite; which is a low cost microstructure, biphasic that combines high strength and toughness. Ausferrite is formed by relatively rapid cooling from the austenite phase. The high strength of ausferrite is achieved by avoiding carbide formation, which is accomplish by using silicon or aluminum as alloy elements that delays the formation of carbides. Ausferrite was obtained in several samples of steel after modifying a base alloy used in mill liners. This was accomplished by increasing the silicon content above 1 wt.%. Samples were cast and then subjected to subjected to isothermal heat treatment in the bainitic transformation temperature range(...).
As the mining industry in Chile continues increasing the necessity of milling equipment becomes larger. As an example, currently SAG mills liners undergo higher impact and abrasion wear which requires higher hardness and toughness. Both composition and microstructures of the steels have varied very little along the year to adjust to the new conditions of performance. The microstructures range from pearlite (fine to coarse) to tempered martensite. Current heat treatments of these steels seek to avoid bainite formation which is a complex task because larger parts have higher thermal inertia resulting in different microstructures between the surface and the interior of a component. A microstructure that could improve the performance and satisfy the demands of SAG mill liners could be ausferrite; which is a low cost microstructure, biphasic that combines high strength and toughness. Ausferrite is formed by relatively rapid cooling from the austenite phase. The high strength of ausferrite is achieved by avoiding carbide formation, which is accomplish by using silicon or aluminum as alloy elements that delays the formation of carbides. Ausferrite was obtained in several samples of steel after modifying a base alloy used in mill liners. This was accomplished by increasing the silicon content above 1 wt.%. Samples were cast and then subjected to subjected to isothermal heat treatment in the bainitic transformation temperature range(...).
Description
Catalogado desde la versión PDF de la tesis.
Keywords
Microestructura, Acero fundido, Molienda
