Thesis ESTUDIO DEL REACTIVO DEPRESANTE BK-511 COMO REEMPLAZO PARCIAL DEL SULFHIDRATO DE SODIO EN LA FLOTACIÓN DE MOLIBDENO EN CODELCO DIVISIÓN ANDINA
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Date
2017
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Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María UTFSM. Casa Central Valparaíso
Abstract
El presente trabajo de tesis, estudió el impacto del reemplazo del reactivo depresante sulfhidrato de sodio (NaHS) en el proceso de flotación selectiva de molibdeno llevado a cabo en División Andina de Codelco, Chile. La estrategia consistió en identificar un reactivo depresor alternativo, de nombre, BK-511. Este reactivo químico (i.e., depresor) es fabricado por el Instituto General de Investigación de Minería y Metalurgia de Beijing (BGRIMM)1. Cabe destacar que este nuevo depresante no es muy conocido en el medio metalúrgico occidental, y este estudio es el primero realizado a escala comercial.El sulfhidrato de sodio es un reactivo químico ampliamente utilizado en plantas de flotación. Sus propiedades como depresor de sulfuros de cobre han sido probadas y son apreciadas por la industria. Sin embargo, el alto nivel de consumo requerido conlleva a un manejo de grandes volúmenes, lo que se traduce en altos costos de producción. Además, el NaHS presenta altos riesgos para la salud de las personas debido a la generación de ácido sulfhídrico (i.e., H2S). Por otra parte, el BK-511 es un reactivo químico no tóxico que requiere bajas concentraciones, lo cual facilita su manejo. Asimismo, en términos de selectividad, también es muy eficaz.Las pruebas realizadas a nivel de laboratorio con BK-511 demostraron que concentraciones muy pequeñas de este reactivo eran suficientes para reemplazar el 50% de NaHS. Los experimentos demostraron que una dosis de 250 g/t constituye la concentración óptima de BK-511, es decir, brinda mejor recuperación, ley de concentrado y selectividad. También se realizaron pruebas de flotación cinética. Estos ensayos estudiaron el impacto de la velocidad de remoción de concentrado y el envejecimiento de la pulpa de alimentación en los parámetros cinéticos, las recuperaciones de Mo y Cu, la ley de concentrado y la selectividad de Mo y Cu.La prueba de BK-511 a nivel comercial demostró que al reemplazar el 50% de NaHS, el proceso fue capaz de hacer frente al cambio y se alcanzó un rendimiento razonable (i.e.,recuperación y ley de concentrado). No obstante, al comparar los resultados de BK-511 con los obtenidos sólo con NaHS, se observó que los períodos de prueba con NaHS generaron mejores resultados que los obtenidos con BK-511 en todos los indicadores (i.e., recuperación, ley de concentrado y selectividad).A pesar de que el consumo de NaHS se redujo al utilizar BK-511, la evaluación económica reveló que la opción de NaHS también fue más competitiva que la opción de BK-511. En otras palabras, la mayor recuperación obtenida en las pruebas con NaHS influye positivamente en su uso.Finalmente, se puede concluir que el NaHS como reactivo depresante sigue produciendo el mejor rendimiento y económicamente es más competitivo para el proceso de flotación selectiva de cobre y molibdeno de División Andina, Codelco, Chile.
This thesis work studied the impact of replacing the depressant sodium sulphidrate (NaHS) on the selective molybdenum flotation process carried out at Andina Division of Codelco, Chile. The strategy consisted of identifying an alternative depressant reagent, namely BK-511. This chemical reagent (i.e., depressant) is manufactured by the Beijing General Research Institute of Mining and Metallurgy (BGRIMM)2. It is worthwhile highlighting that this new depressant is not very well known in the Western metallurgical environment, and this study is the first conducted at commercial scale.The sodium sulphidrate is a chemical reagent widely used in flotation plants. Its properties as a depressant of copper sulphide minerals are well proven and appreciated by the industry. However, the high level of consumption required to handle large volumes, and resulting in high production costs. In addition, NaHS presents high health risks to people due to the generation of hydrogen sulphide (i.e., H2S). On the other hand, BK-511 is a non-toxic chemical reagent which requires low concentrations, and makes easier the handling of it. In terms of selectivity, it is also very effective.The tests carried out at laboratory level with BK-511 demonstrated that very small concentrations of BK-511 were enough to replace up to 50% of NaHS. The experiments allowed the optimum concentration of BK-511 to be determined which resulted to be 250 g/t, i.e., best recovery, concentrate grade, and selectivity. Also, kinetic flotation tests were performed. These tests studied the impact of concentrate removal rate and feed pulp aging on the kinetic parameters, Mo and Cu recoveries, concentrate grade, and Mo and Cu selectivity.The testing of BK-511 at commercial level showed that replacing up to 50% of NaHS the process was able to cope with the change and a reasonable performance was achieved (i.e., recovery and concentrate grade). Nonetheless, when comparing BK-511 results with those obtained only with NaHS, it was observed that testing periods with NaHS performed much better that those periods carried out with BK-511 in terms of all the indicators (i.e., recovery, concentrate grade, and selectivity).Even though the consumption of NaHS is reduced when BK-511 is used, the economic evaluation revealed that the option of NaHS is also more competitive than the BK-511 option. In other words, the greater recovery obtained from the testing with NaHS influences positively its use.Finally, it can be concluded that NaHS as a depressant reagent still produces the best performance, and economically is more competitive for the selective flotation process of Mo and Cu for the Andina Division of Codelco, Chile.
This thesis work studied the impact of replacing the depressant sodium sulphidrate (NaHS) on the selective molybdenum flotation process carried out at Andina Division of Codelco, Chile. The strategy consisted of identifying an alternative depressant reagent, namely BK-511. This chemical reagent (i.e., depressant) is manufactured by the Beijing General Research Institute of Mining and Metallurgy (BGRIMM)2. It is worthwhile highlighting that this new depressant is not very well known in the Western metallurgical environment, and this study is the first conducted at commercial scale.The sodium sulphidrate is a chemical reagent widely used in flotation plants. Its properties as a depressant of copper sulphide minerals are well proven and appreciated by the industry. However, the high level of consumption required to handle large volumes, and resulting in high production costs. In addition, NaHS presents high health risks to people due to the generation of hydrogen sulphide (i.e., H2S). On the other hand, BK-511 is a non-toxic chemical reagent which requires low concentrations, and makes easier the handling of it. In terms of selectivity, it is also very effective.The tests carried out at laboratory level with BK-511 demonstrated that very small concentrations of BK-511 were enough to replace up to 50% of NaHS. The experiments allowed the optimum concentration of BK-511 to be determined which resulted to be 250 g/t, i.e., best recovery, concentrate grade, and selectivity. Also, kinetic flotation tests were performed. These tests studied the impact of concentrate removal rate and feed pulp aging on the kinetic parameters, Mo and Cu recoveries, concentrate grade, and Mo and Cu selectivity.The testing of BK-511 at commercial level showed that replacing up to 50% of NaHS the process was able to cope with the change and a reasonable performance was achieved (i.e., recovery and concentrate grade). Nonetheless, when comparing BK-511 results with those obtained only with NaHS, it was observed that testing periods with NaHS performed much better that those periods carried out with BK-511 in terms of all the indicators (i.e., recovery, concentrate grade, and selectivity).Even though the consumption of NaHS is reduced when BK-511 is used, the economic evaluation revealed that the option of NaHS is also more competitive than the BK-511 option. In other words, the greater recovery obtained from the testing with NaHS influences positively its use.Finally, it can be concluded that NaHS as a depressant reagent still produces the best performance, and economically is more competitive for the selective flotation process of Mo and Cu for the Andina Division of Codelco, Chile.
Description
Catalogado desde la version PDF de la tesis.
Keywords
CODELCO CHILE DIVISION ANDINA, DEPRESOR ALTERNATIVO BK-511, FLOTACION SELECTIVA DE MOLIBDENO, INSTITUTO GENERAL DE INVESTIGACION DE MINERIA Y METALURGIA DE BEIJING (BGRIMM), SULFHIDRATO DE SODIO (NAHS)