Thesis PROPUESTA DE OPTIMIZACIÓN EN LA UTILIZACIÓN DE LUBRICANTES EN LA FLOTA DE CAMIONES
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Date
2021-11
Authors
ABARCA ANJARÍ, CLAUDIO HERNÁN
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Abstract
Siendo una de las áreas más importantes en la industria, independiente del rubro, la lubricación desde nuestros inicios se ha transformado en una herramienta vital para la conservación de los activos y un mejor desempeño de estos. Las últimas décadas se ha desarrollado un avance significativo en la calidad de los lubricantes, sus componentes y la conservación de sus propiedades. Previo a este proceso de mejoramiento, los planes de mantenimiento eran ineficientes y no reflejaban todas las urgencias que requieren los sistemas, actualmente es posible tener un control constante de gran parte de las variables claves que afectan al lubricante, debido a todo este desarrollo en el área es que surge esta propuesta de mejorar la utilización del lubricante y aumentar la disponibilidad de los camiones mineros. En primer lugar, se busca contextualizar la industria minera realizando un análisis de los actuales sistemas de lubricación, los distintos tipos de mantenimiento, las principales formas de contaminación del aceite lubricante de motor y mostrar el proceso minero. En segundo lugar, a través de un análisis de ciclo de vida del lubricante y de un análisis de causa raíz (RCA), se logra una mirada profunda en todo el proceso que vive el lubricante de motor Diesel MTU para encontrar los principales motivos de su desgaste. Se logra ver que existen factores internos y externos al equipo como caminos, factores de carga, malas prácticas entre otros. En tercer lugar, se realiza la evaluación de extender la vida útil del lubricante a las 500 horas, eliminando así la parada de mantenimiento a las 250 horas, para ello es necesario revisar los planes preventivos para cada área (mecánica, motor Diesel, eléctrica, aire acondicionado, soldador) y mostrar opciones de mitigación de las causas raíz previamente mencionadas. El foco en la extensión de la utilización del lubricante lleva a plantear riesgos y beneficios técnicos, de seguridad y económicos, siendo el interés principal de este proyecto estudiar la viabilidad de aumentar la utilización del aceite lubricante de motor se muestra un plan a seguir y una evaluación económica comparando la propuesta presentada y el plan actual.
Being one of the most important areas in the industry, regardless of the area, lubrication since our inception has become a vital tool for the conservation of assets and a better performance of these. The last decades have developed a significant advance in the quality of lubricants, their components and the preservation of their properties. Prior to this improvement process, the maintenance plans were inefficient and did not reflect all the emergencies that the systems require, currently it is possible to have constant control of a large part of the key variables that affect the lubricant, due to all this development in the This area is where this proposal arises to improve the use of lubricant and increase the availability of mining trucks. In the first place, it seeks to contextualize the mining industry by carrying out an analysis of the current lubrication systems, the different types of maintenance, the main forms of contamination of motor lubricating oil and showing the mining process. Second, through a lubricant life cycle analysis and a root cause analysis (RCA), a deep look at the entire process that MTU Diesel engine lubricant goes through is achieved to find the main reasons for its wear. It is possible to see that there are internal and external factors to the equipment such as roads, load factors, bad practices among others. Thirdly, the evaluation of extending the useful life of the lubricant to 500 hours is carried out, thus eliminating the maintenance stop at 250 hours, for this it is necessary to review the preventive plans for each area (mechanical, Diesel engine, electrical, air conditioner, welder) and show mitigation options for the previously mentioned root causes. The focus on the extension of the use of lubricant leads to risks and technical, safety and economic benefits, being the main interest of this project to study the feasibility of increasing the use of motor lubricating oil, a plan to follow and a economic evaluation comparing the submitted proposal and the current plan. Finally, the continuation of the project in other teams is proposed since there are different types of engines and trucks on site, in the future, if changes were made and new technologies were implemented, it would be possible to develop and draw up a completer and more detailed plan, based on condition monitoring and equipment monitoring in real time.
Being one of the most important areas in the industry, regardless of the area, lubrication since our inception has become a vital tool for the conservation of assets and a better performance of these. The last decades have developed a significant advance in the quality of lubricants, their components and the preservation of their properties. Prior to this improvement process, the maintenance plans were inefficient and did not reflect all the emergencies that the systems require, currently it is possible to have constant control of a large part of the key variables that affect the lubricant, due to all this development in the This area is where this proposal arises to improve the use of lubricant and increase the availability of mining trucks. In the first place, it seeks to contextualize the mining industry by carrying out an analysis of the current lubrication systems, the different types of maintenance, the main forms of contamination of motor lubricating oil and showing the mining process. Second, through a lubricant life cycle analysis and a root cause analysis (RCA), a deep look at the entire process that MTU Diesel engine lubricant goes through is achieved to find the main reasons for its wear. It is possible to see that there are internal and external factors to the equipment such as roads, load factors, bad practices among others. Thirdly, the evaluation of extending the useful life of the lubricant to 500 hours is carried out, thus eliminating the maintenance stop at 250 hours, for this it is necessary to review the preventive plans for each area (mechanical, Diesel engine, electrical, air conditioner, welder) and show mitigation options for the previously mentioned root causes. The focus on the extension of the use of lubricant leads to risks and technical, safety and economic benefits, being the main interest of this project to study the feasibility of increasing the use of motor lubricating oil, a plan to follow and a economic evaluation comparing the submitted proposal and the current plan. Finally, the continuation of the project in other teams is proposed since there are different types of engines and trucks on site, in the future, if changes were made and new technologies were implemented, it would be possible to develop and draw up a completer and more detailed plan, based on condition monitoring and equipment monitoring in real time.
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Keywords
LUBRICANTES , MANTENIMIENTO INDUSTRIAL , ACARREO MINERO
