Thesis Caracterización del desempeño de módulos fotovoltaicos bifaciales bajo condiciones de irradiancia no homogénea en entornos desérticos de alta radiación
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Date
2026-04-10
Authors
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Program
Ingeniería Civil Mecánica
Departament
Campus
Campus Santiago San Joaquín
Abstract
Los sistemas fotovoltaicos han experimentado un crecimiento sostenido durante la última década, destacando los módulos bifaciales debido a la reducción de los costos de fabricación y a su mayor capacidad de captación energética. Sin embargo, esta tecnología introduce desafíos operacionales asociados a la no homogeneidad espacial de la irradiancia trasera, fenómeno que puede generar mismatch eléctrico entre celdas, pérdidas de desempeño e incluso la aparición de hotspots. Estas problemáticas se intensifican en entornos de alta radiación solar, donde los módulos operan bajo condiciones térmicas y radiativas más exigentes. Con el objetivo de caracterizar el impacto de la irradiancia no homogénea en módulos fotovoltaicos bifaciales ubicados en entornos desérticos de alta radiación, en este trabajo se desarrolla un modelo acoplado óptico–eléctrico–térmico (O–E–T). El modelo es validado mediante datos experimentales obtenidos en la Planta Solar del Desierto de Atacama, que cuenta con un sistema bifacial compuesto por tres tecnologías distintas: una tecnología convencional y dos configuraciones half-cell. El sistema de estudio corresponde a un arreglo bifacial compuesto por 24 módulos fotovoltaicos bifaciales, con una potencia nominal total de 9467.5 [W]. Los módulos se encuentran instalados en configuración 2 up-landscape con una inclinación de 20°. Dado el carácter localizado de la no homogeneidad, el modelo O–E–T se implementa mediante una discretización a nivel de celda fotovoltaica, lo que permite representar explícitamente la variabilidad espacial de la irradiancia y la temperatura a lo largo del módulo. La componente óptica se modela mediante(...).
Photovoltaic systems have experienced sustained growth over the last decade, with bifacial modules emerging as a prominent technology due to reduced manufacturing costs and their increased energy harvesting capability. However, this technology introduces operational challenges associated with the spatial non-uniformity of rear-side irradiance, a phenomenon that can lead to electrical mismatch between cells, performance losses, and even hotspot formation. These issues become more critical under high solar radiation environments, where modules operate under more demanding thermal and radiative conditions. In order to characterize the impact of non-uniform irradiance on bifacial photovoltaic modules operating in desert environments with high solar radiation, this work develops a coupled optical–electrical–thermal (O–E–T) model. The model is validated using experimental data obtained from the Atacama Desert Solar Plant, which includes a bifacial system composed of three different technologies: one conventional technology and two half-cell configurations. The studied system corresponds to a bifacial array composed of 24 photovoltaic modules with a total nominal power of 9467.5 [W]. The modules are installed in a 2 up-landscape configuration with a tilt angle of 20°. Due to the localized nature of irradiance non-uniformity, the O–E–T model is implemented using a cell-level discretization, allowing the explicit representation of the spatial variability of irradiance and temperature across the module. The optical component is modeled(...).
Photovoltaic systems have experienced sustained growth over the last decade, with bifacial modules emerging as a prominent technology due to reduced manufacturing costs and their increased energy harvesting capability. However, this technology introduces operational challenges associated with the spatial non-uniformity of rear-side irradiance, a phenomenon that can lead to electrical mismatch between cells, performance losses, and even hotspot formation. These issues become more critical under high solar radiation environments, where modules operate under more demanding thermal and radiative conditions. In order to characterize the impact of non-uniform irradiance on bifacial photovoltaic modules operating in desert environments with high solar radiation, this work develops a coupled optical–electrical–thermal (O–E–T) model. The model is validated using experimental data obtained from the Atacama Desert Solar Plant, which includes a bifacial system composed of three different technologies: one conventional technology and two half-cell configurations. The studied system corresponds to a bifacial array composed of 24 photovoltaic modules with a total nominal power of 9467.5 [W]. The modules are installed in a 2 up-landscape configuration with a tilt angle of 20°. Due to the localized nature of irradiance non-uniformity, the O–E–T model is implemented using a cell-level discretization, allowing the explicit representation of the spatial variability of irradiance and temperature across the module. The optical component is modeled(...).
Description
Keywords
Sistemas fotovoltaicos, Módulos bifaciales, Modelo óptico–eléctrico–térmico, Energía solar, Modelación térmica
