Thesis Uso de RAP mayor al 15% en el diseño de mezclas asfalticas en caliente
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Date
2022-11
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Program
DEPARTAMENTO DE OBRAS CIVILES. INGENIERÍA CIVIL
Campus
Campus Casa Central Valparaíso
Abstract
El material reciclado de pavimento asfáltico conocido comúnmente por sus siglas en inglés como “RAP” consiste principalmente en pavimentos asfálticos retirados de las infraestructuras existentes y, en menor medida, de mezclas desperdiciadas o rechazadas durante los procesos de producción. Al estar compuesto por dos valiosos recursos no renovables, como lo son áridos y ligante asfáltico; el reciclaje de estos puede asegurar la sostenibilidad de la construcción de pavimentos asfálticos.
Mediante el uso de material RAP en nuevos productos asfálticos, se reciclaron en Estados Unidos 4,1 millones de toneladas de ligante y 78 millones de toneladas de agregados en 2018. Varios estudios han revelado respuestas positivas de las mezclas asfálticas recicladas con alto o muy alto contenido de RAP. Sin embargo, las prácticas comunes de muchos países aún limitan el contenido de RAP a un 15-20% en peso, en las mezclas de asfalto reciclado. La cantidad de RAP en los hormigones asfálticos se puede incrementar significativamente aplicando buenas prácticas de manejo del RAP, ya sea procesado o no, así como tecnologías de producción novedosas y enfoques avanzados de diseño de mezclas.
El objetivo de esta memoria es proponer un texto normativo para incorporar al Manual de Carreteras los procedimientos que regulen el uso de RAP por sobre el 15% en nuevas mezclas asfálticas en Chile. Esta incorporación pretende mejorar y ampliar el porcentaje de incorporación del RAP en el diseño de mezclas en nuestro país permitiendo una mayor cantidad de reciclaje de pavimentos asfalticos y una disminución de costos asociadas al uso y explotación de materiales vírgenes.
Para el desarrollo del texto mencionado anteriormente, se revisan normas nacionales e internacionales, memorias de título y estudios relacionados con la incorporación de RAP en diseño de Mezclas Asfálticas en Caliente. Posteriormente, se decide crear el documento normativo basándose en las normas AASHTO M 323, AASHTO R 35 y de las recomendaciones del Manual MS-2 del Instituto del Asfalto Americano, los cuales especifican los requisitos de los ligantes, agregados y mezclas asfálticas y el procedimiento para el uso del RAP en el diseño volumétrico de mezclas asfálticas Superpave. Con el fin de adaptar el texto a la realidad de los laboratorios en Chile, se realizan reuniones periódicas con personal del área de asfaltos del LEMCO quienes revisan el documento y posteriormente se discuten los cambios o comentarios realizados en reuniones online.
Los cambios realizados a la fusión de las normas AASHTO M 323, AASHTO R 35 y las recomendaciones del Manual MS-2 se relacionan con la nomenclatura, definición de términos, cambio en el orden de la información, corrección de errores detectados, reemplazo de normas internacionales por las equivalentes en el Manual de Carreteras, etc. En el capítulo 3 se presenta el texto propuesto y en un documento anexo se presenta la misma información, pero con el formato del Manual de Carreteras.
Recycled asphalt pavement material commonly known by its acronym in English as "RAP" consists mainly of asphalt pavements removed from existing infrastructures and, to a lesser extent, mixtures wasted or rejected during production processes. Being composed of two valuable non-renewable resources, such as aggregates and asphalt binder; the recycling of these can ensure the sustainability of the construction of asphalt pavements. By using RAP material in new asphalt products, 4.1 million tons of binder and 78 million tons of aggregates were recycled in the United States in 2018. Several studies have revealed positive responses from recycled asphalt mixtures with high or very high RAP content. However, common practices in many countries still limit the RAP content to 15-20% by weight, in recycled asphalt mixtures. The amount of RAP in asphalt concrete can be significantly increased by applying good RAP management practices, whether processed or not, as well as novel production technologies and advanced blend design approaches. The objective of this report is to propose a normative text to incorporate into the Highway Manual the procedures that regulate the use of RAP above 15% in new asphalt mixtures in Chile. This incorporation aims to improve and expand the percentage of incorporation of rap in the design of mixtures in our country allowing a greater amount of recycling of asphalt pavements and a decrease in costs associated with the use and exploitation of virgin materials. For the development of the text mentioned above, national and international standards, title reports and studies related to the incorporation of RAP in the design of Hot Asphalt Mixtures are reviewed. Subsequently, it was decided to create the normative document based on the AASHTO M 323, AASHTO R 35 standards and the recommendations of the MS-2 Manual of the American Asphalt Institute, which specify the requirements of binders, aggregates and asphalt mixtures and the procedure for the use of RAP in the volumetric design of Superpave asphalt mixtures. In order to adapt the text to the reality of the laboratories in Chile, periodic meetings are held with staff from the asphalt area of the LEMCO who review the document and then discuss the changes or comments made in online meetings. The changes made to the merger of the AASHTO M 323, AASHTO R 35 standards and the recommendations of the MS-2 Manual relate to nomenclature, definition of terms, change in the order of information, correction of errors detected, replacement of international standards by equivalents in the Road Manual, etc. Chapter 3 presents the proposed text and an annexed document presents the same information, but in the format of the Road Manual.
Recycled asphalt pavement material commonly known by its acronym in English as "RAP" consists mainly of asphalt pavements removed from existing infrastructures and, to a lesser extent, mixtures wasted or rejected during production processes. Being composed of two valuable non-renewable resources, such as aggregates and asphalt binder; the recycling of these can ensure the sustainability of the construction of asphalt pavements. By using RAP material in new asphalt products, 4.1 million tons of binder and 78 million tons of aggregates were recycled in the United States in 2018. Several studies have revealed positive responses from recycled asphalt mixtures with high or very high RAP content. However, common practices in many countries still limit the RAP content to 15-20% by weight, in recycled asphalt mixtures. The amount of RAP in asphalt concrete can be significantly increased by applying good RAP management practices, whether processed or not, as well as novel production technologies and advanced blend design approaches. The objective of this report is to propose a normative text to incorporate into the Highway Manual the procedures that regulate the use of RAP above 15% in new asphalt mixtures in Chile. This incorporation aims to improve and expand the percentage of incorporation of rap in the design of mixtures in our country allowing a greater amount of recycling of asphalt pavements and a decrease in costs associated with the use and exploitation of virgin materials. For the development of the text mentioned above, national and international standards, title reports and studies related to the incorporation of RAP in the design of Hot Asphalt Mixtures are reviewed. Subsequently, it was decided to create the normative document based on the AASHTO M 323, AASHTO R 35 standards and the recommendations of the MS-2 Manual of the American Asphalt Institute, which specify the requirements of binders, aggregates and asphalt mixtures and the procedure for the use of RAP in the volumetric design of Superpave asphalt mixtures. In order to adapt the text to the reality of the laboratories in Chile, periodic meetings are held with staff from the asphalt area of the LEMCO who review the document and then discuss the changes or comments made in online meetings. The changes made to the merger of the AASHTO M 323, AASHTO R 35 standards and the recommendations of the MS-2 Manual relate to nomenclature, definition of terms, change in the order of information, correction of errors detected, replacement of international standards by equivalents in the Road Manual, etc. Chapter 3 presents the proposed text and an annexed document presents the same information, but in the format of the Road Manual.
Description
Keywords
RAP, ASFALTO