Thesis Análisis del proceso de planificación minera bajo el prisma de la tecnología direct block scheduling
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Date
2023-10
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
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Program
Ingeniería Civil de Minas
Departament
Campus
Campus Santiago San Joaquín
Abstract
La industria minera a cielo abierto es una de las principales actividades económicas a nivel global, cuyo propósito fundamental es la transformación de recursos minerales en beneficios económicos. En este contexto, la planificación minera desempeña un papel crucial para garantizar la eficiencia y la rentabilidad de las operaciones. Este proceso implica la generación de un plan de producción a largo plazo (LoM) que abarca la vida útil de la mina, dividiéndola en periodos anuales, y tiene como objetivo maximizar el valor del negocio considerando diversas restricciones operativas y económicas.
La metodología tradicional utilizada en la planificación minera a cielo abierto se basa en la resolución de problemas de diseño de pits anidados mediante herramientas de optimización matemática, como el algoritmo de Lerchs & Grossmann. Sin embargo, esta metodología tiende a no considerar la dimensión temporal en la definición de la envolvente económica. En contraste, el Agendamiento Directo de Bloques (DBS) integra el tiempo desde el inicio, permitiendo la definición de la envolvente económica junto con la secuencia de extracción optima a nivel de modelo de bloques. De esta forma, el DBS ha demostrado ser efectivo en la generación de planes mineros que maximizan el valor económico de la mina.
Los objetivos de esta investigación se centran en comparar las ventajas de la metodología DBS con la metodología tradicional al integrar distintos horizontes temporales en un solo proceso de optimización.
Open-pit mining is one of the major global economic activities, primarily focused on transforming mineral resources into economic benefits. Within this context, mine planning plays a pivotal role in ensuring operational efficiency and profitability. This process involves the creation of a long-term production plan (LoM) through the mine’s lifespan, divided into annual periods, with the objective of maximizing business value while considering various operational and economic constraints. The traditional methodology employed in open-pit mining planning relies on solving nested pit design problems through mathematical optimization tools, such as the Lerchs & Grossmann algorithm, and the expertise of planners. Nevertheless, this methodology lacks proper consideration of the temporal dimension in defining the economic envelope, and only partially incorporates it in the selection of extraction phases. In contrast, Direct Block Scheduling (DBS) integrates time from the beginning, enabling the definition of the economic envelope along with the optimal extraction sequence at the block model level. Consequently, DBS has proven effective in generating mining plans that maximize the mine’s economic value. The objectives of this research are centered around comparing the advantages of the DBS methodology with the traditional approach by integrating various temporal horizons into a single optimization process.
Open-pit mining is one of the major global economic activities, primarily focused on transforming mineral resources into economic benefits. Within this context, mine planning plays a pivotal role in ensuring operational efficiency and profitability. This process involves the creation of a long-term production plan (LoM) through the mine’s lifespan, divided into annual periods, with the objective of maximizing business value while considering various operational and economic constraints. The traditional methodology employed in open-pit mining planning relies on solving nested pit design problems through mathematical optimization tools, such as the Lerchs & Grossmann algorithm, and the expertise of planners. Nevertheless, this methodology lacks proper consideration of the temporal dimension in defining the economic envelope, and only partially incorporates it in the selection of extraction phases. In contrast, Direct Block Scheduling (DBS) integrates time from the beginning, enabling the definition of the economic envelope along with the optimal extraction sequence at the block model level. Consequently, DBS has proven effective in generating mining plans that maximize the mine’s economic value. The objectives of this research are centered around comparing the advantages of the DBS methodology with the traditional approach by integrating various temporal horizons into a single optimization process.
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Keywords
Minería a cielo abierto, Agendamiento directo de bloques, Planificación minera
