Thesis Estudio de metodologías aplicadas en el análisis de criticidad para la gestión de activos
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Date
2015-11
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Program
Ingeniería Civil Industrial
Departament
Campus
Campus Casa Central Valparaíso
Abstract
En el presente trabajo se realiza un estudio acerca del análisis de criticidad de activos, enfocándose principalmente en las metodologías que permiten llevarlo a cabo, relacionadas con impactos en producción en sectores industriales. Todo esto mediante la investigación de la literatura de distintos autores. En este estudio se define el contexto en el cual se encuentra el análisis de criticidad dentro de la gestión de activos, junto con indicar algunos de los conceptos fundamentales del mantenimiento. El objetivo del estudio es presentar un modelo de aplicación que detalle los pasos a seguir para llevar a cabo un análisis de criticidad dentro de una empresa, primordialmente en aquellas que son nuevas, que constituya una guía de acción y pueda influir positivamente en su rendimiento y rentabilidad. Además, se presenta un análisis comparativo entre las nueve metodologías estudiadas, con el objetivo de facilitar la decisión sobre que metodología utilizar para efectuar la jerarquización de los activos de acuerdo al contexto operacional de la empresa, junto con dar una idea sobre aquellas metodologías que no sean conocidas por los analistas. Por último, luego de estudiar cada una de las metodologías cabe mencionar que éstas no constituyen una herramienta uniforme para determinar la criticidad de instalaciones o equipos, es decir, éstas tienen una aplicación más efectiva en contextos operacionales similares a las cuales fueron creadas, es por esto que es importante analizar detenidamente cual o cuales se adecuan de mejor forma a los requerimientos de la empresa y realizar los ajustes que sean necesario según la metodología lo permita, a fin de obtener una jerarquización lo más exacta posible que sirva de una base sólida a los programas de 3 mantenimientos derivados de este análisis y que serán implementados por la empresa
This current piece of work is a study of the asset criticality analysis, focussing in the main on the methodologies which allow for the asset criticality to take place as well as considering the impacts on production in the Industrial sector. Research has also been undertaken to review publications on the subject from various writers. This study will define the context in which the asset criticality takes place, in terms of asset management, together with highlighting some of the fundamental maintenance concepts. The purpose of this study is to present an application model which details the steps to be followed to carry out a asset criticality analysis, within a company, especially new ones, as this would serve as a useful action plan to positively impact on their production and profit. Additionally a comparative analysis between the nine methodologies, which were studied, will be carried out so that the decision as to which methodology should be used to carry out the priorisation of the asset , according to the operational context of the business. Consideration will also be given to other methodologies which may be unknown to the analysts. Finally after studying each of these methodologies it is worth pointing out they are not a standard tool which can be used to determine the criticality of equipment or teams, in that they have best results in an operational context which is similar to that of the one they were created in. For that reason it is important to carefully analyse which best meet the needs of the business and then tailor those methodologies where possible, to establish the most exact order of prioritisation which will then serve as a solid base to support the maintenance programmes, resulting from the analysis, which will be implemented by the business.
This current piece of work is a study of the asset criticality analysis, focussing in the main on the methodologies which allow for the asset criticality to take place as well as considering the impacts on production in the Industrial sector. Research has also been undertaken to review publications on the subject from various writers. This study will define the context in which the asset criticality takes place, in terms of asset management, together with highlighting some of the fundamental maintenance concepts. The purpose of this study is to present an application model which details the steps to be followed to carry out a asset criticality analysis, within a company, especially new ones, as this would serve as a useful action plan to positively impact on their production and profit. Additionally a comparative analysis between the nine methodologies, which were studied, will be carried out so that the decision as to which methodology should be used to carry out the priorisation of the asset , according to the operational context of the business. Consideration will also be given to other methodologies which may be unknown to the analysts. Finally after studying each of these methodologies it is worth pointing out they are not a standard tool which can be used to determine the criticality of equipment or teams, in that they have best results in an operational context which is similar to that of the one they were created in. For that reason it is important to carefully analyse which best meet the needs of the business and then tailor those methodologies where possible, to establish the most exact order of prioritisation which will then serve as a solid base to support the maintenance programmes, resulting from the analysis, which will be implemented by the business.
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Keywords
Análisis de criticidad, Gestión de activos, Mantenimiento industrial, Jerarquización de activos, Metodologías comparadas, Mantenimiento preventivo, Mantenimiento predictivo, Gestión operativa