Thesis EVALUACIÓN DE LA IMPLEMENTACIÓN Y MEJORAS DEL SISTEMA LAST-PLANNER APLICADO A PROYECTOS DE EDIFICACIÓN EN ALTURAS
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Date
2016
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Program
CONSTRUCCIÓN CIVIL
Campus
Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María UTFSM. Casa Central Valparaíso
Abstract
En esta memoria se evaluará la implementación del sistema Last Planner como método de control a un proyecto de edificación en altura, con el objetivo de responder el por qué el Sistema Last-Planner (SUP) no se logra implementar satisfactoriamente en su totalidad, mostrando cuales son las principales barreras, para finalmente plantear las soluciones que permitirán lograr una correcta implementación del método.Las empresas constructoras se preocupan principalmente de implementar el SUP, pero no se ocupan de medir el nivel de implementación logrado, sin esta evaluación no se logra detectar que se está haciendo mal, que se está omitiendo o que no se está realizando. Existen variables que no son controladas por el método SUP, como la relación interpersonal con Subcontratos, compromiso de la jefatura con el método SUP, Control de Calidad de los procesos, aspectos psicológicos y de liderazgo, entre otros factores que solo se pueden detectar siendo protagonista de la implementación del método SUP. Desde la perspectiva del Lean Production y Construction, un sistema productivo funcionara bien y se optimizara, solo si existe un factor humano altamente comprometido con el proceso.En este trabajo se estudiará la implementación desde la etapa de obra gruesa y terminaciones de un Edificio en compuesto de 7 pisos y 100 departamentos, ubicado en la comuna de Ñuñoa, cuidad de Santiago. Cada etapa es independiente en cuanto a la planificación, seguimiento de compromisos e indicadores de producción. Por consiguiente, se obtienen parámetros independientes de cada etapa, que para efectos globales del proyecto son complementarias.Para el levantamiento de información, se realizan controles de forma semanal tanto de obra gruesa como de terminaciones, indicadores que se exponen en reuniones de coordinación, haciendo participe a Jefaturas de Obra y Subcontratos, revelando el estado del proyecto, restricciones asociadas a actividades futuras, causas de no cumplimiento (CNC) del plan semanal y el compromiso para la nueva semana.Se analiza cualitativamente el nivel de implementación del sistema en diferentes periodos del proyecto, mostrando el compromiso del equipo de obra respecto de la implementación del sistema Last-Planner y se realiza un análisis de los indicadores acumulados; CNC y Porcentaje de cumplimiento de restricciones (PCR). Con esto se identificarán las principales barreras de la implementación del SUP en obras de edificación, a las que se le darán soluciones y recomendaciones para conseguir una correcta implementación en proyectos futuros.Finalmente, se realiza un análisis de la tasa de atraso (Velocidad con la que aumenta el atraso de una obra, es decir la diferencia entre el atraso anterior v/s el atraso actual) y su relación con el PPC en 5 proyectos de edificación en altura, durante la etapa de obra gruesa. Esto ayudara a comprender el aporte que genera comprender cuál es la capacidad productiva de la obra, por lo que se deberá tomar conciencia de cuáles son las restricciones que no me permiten tener un mayor nivel productivo y conseguir optimizarlas.
In this report we will evaluate the implementation of the Last Planner system as a control method for a high-rise building project, in order to answer why the Last-Planner System (SUP) can not be successfully implemented in its entirety, showing which Are the main barriers, in order to finally propose the solutions that will allow to achieve a correct implementation of the method.The construction companies are mainly concerned with implementing the SUP, but they do not measure the level of implementation achieved, without this evaluation it is not possible to detect that it is doing wrong, that it is being omitted or that it is not being carried out. There are variables that are not controlled by the SUP method, such as the interpersonal relationship with Subcontracts, commitment of the leadership with the SUP method, Process Quality Control, psychological and leadership aspects, among other factors that can only be detected as protagonist Of the implementation of the SUP method. From the perspective of Lean Production and Construction, a productive system will work well and be optimized, only if there is a human factor highly committed to the process.In this work will be studied the implementation from the stage of thick work and completions of a building in compound of 7 floors and 100 departments, located in the commune of Ñuñoa, city of Santiago. Each stage is independent in terms of planning, monitoring of commitments and indicators of production. Consequently, independent parameters of each stage are obtained, which for the overall effects of the project are complementary.For the collection of information, weekly inspections are carried out on both heavy and finished works, indicators that are exposed in coordination meetings, involving Works and Subcontracts, revealing the status of the project, restrictions associated with future activities, Causes of non-compliance (CNC) of the weekly plan and commitment for the new week.The level of implementation of the system is analyzed qualitatively in different periods of the project, showing the commitment of the work team with respect to the implementation of the Last-Planner system and an analysis of the accumulated indicators; CNC and Restriction Compliance Percentage (PCR). This will identify the main barriers to the implementation of SUP in building works, which will be given solutions and recommendations to achieve a correct implementation in future projects.Finally, an analysis of the rate of delay (Speed with which increases the delay of a work, that is the difference between the previous delay v / s the current delay) and its relation with the PPC in 5 projects of construction in Height, during the stage of heavy work. This will help to understand the contribution that generates understanding of the productive capacity of the work, so it should be aware of what are the restrictions that do not allow me to have a higher level of production and optimize them.Key Words: Building, Construction, Construction Planning, Construction Control, Lean Construction, Last Planner System, Productivity, Performance.
In this report we will evaluate the implementation of the Last Planner system as a control method for a high-rise building project, in order to answer why the Last-Planner System (SUP) can not be successfully implemented in its entirety, showing which Are the main barriers, in order to finally propose the solutions that will allow to achieve a correct implementation of the method.The construction companies are mainly concerned with implementing the SUP, but they do not measure the level of implementation achieved, without this evaluation it is not possible to detect that it is doing wrong, that it is being omitted or that it is not being carried out. There are variables that are not controlled by the SUP method, such as the interpersonal relationship with Subcontracts, commitment of the leadership with the SUP method, Process Quality Control, psychological and leadership aspects, among other factors that can only be detected as protagonist Of the implementation of the SUP method. From the perspective of Lean Production and Construction, a productive system will work well and be optimized, only if there is a human factor highly committed to the process.In this work will be studied the implementation from the stage of thick work and completions of a building in compound of 7 floors and 100 departments, located in the commune of Ñuñoa, city of Santiago. Each stage is independent in terms of planning, monitoring of commitments and indicators of production. Consequently, independent parameters of each stage are obtained, which for the overall effects of the project are complementary.For the collection of information, weekly inspections are carried out on both heavy and finished works, indicators that are exposed in coordination meetings, involving Works and Subcontracts, revealing the status of the project, restrictions associated with future activities, Causes of non-compliance (CNC) of the weekly plan and commitment for the new week.The level of implementation of the system is analyzed qualitatively in different periods of the project, showing the commitment of the work team with respect to the implementation of the Last-Planner system and an analysis of the accumulated indicators; CNC and Restriction Compliance Percentage (PCR). This will identify the main barriers to the implementation of SUP in building works, which will be given solutions and recommendations to achieve a correct implementation in future projects.Finally, an analysis of the rate of delay (Speed with which increases the delay of a work, that is the difference between the previous delay v / s the current delay) and its relation with the PPC in 5 projects of construction in Height, during the stage of heavy work. This will help to understand the contribution that generates understanding of the productive capacity of the work, so it should be aware of what are the restrictions that do not allow me to have a higher level of production and optimize them.Key Words: Building, Construction, Construction Planning, Construction Control, Lean Construction, Last Planner System, Productivity, Performance.
Description
Catalogado desde la version PDF de la tesis.
Keywords
CONTROL DE OBRAS, EDIFICACION, CONSTRUCCION, LEAN CONSTRUCTION, PLANIFICACION DE OBRAS, PRODUCTIVIDAD, RENDIMIENTOS, SISTEMA LAST PLANNER