Publication: Factibilidad del uso de tecnologías limpias que permitan disminuir las emisiones de co2 generadas por una embarcación turística mediana
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Date
2024-01
Authors
Mancilla Vargas, Rafael Eduardo
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Abstract
En el presente documento se expone el desarrollo de un estudio sobre la viabilidad de implementar tecnologías limpias como fuentes energéticas para impulsar una embarcación turística de tamaño mediano. El objetivo es reducir o eliminar las emisiones de CO2 generadas por la combustión de sus motores diésel y para esto, se llevó a cabo un exhaustivo estudio bibliográfico con el fin de comprender el estado actual de las tecnologías empleadas en la descarbonización marina. Este análisis proporcionó una visión general de las alternativas disponibles y más prometedoras para su implementación en este proyecto, confirmando así la viabilidad de realizar una conversión de la embarcación.
En el caso de estudio, se seleccionó una embarcación tipo catamarán que opera en el Lago Todos los Santos en el Parque Nacional Vicente Pérez Rosales, ubicado en Puerto Varas, Región de Los Lagos. Esta embarcación emite, aproximadamente, un total de 430 toneladas de CO2 durante un año de operación, generado por el funcionamiento de dos motores diésel con una potencia nominal de 298 kW (400 hp) cada uno y un generador diésel de 47 kVA para abastecer el sistema eléctrico. Basándose en los aspectos operacionales del catamarán, se identifican los requerimientos energéticos de los motores y el generador eléctrico, obteniendo así, la demanda energética total del sistema, que ascendió a 1800 kWh.
Con el conocimiento del requerimiento energético de la embarcación, se seleccionaron cinco alternativas para reemplazar la configuración actual: 100% baterías, celdas de combustible, e-combustibles, híbrido electro-diésel e híbrido diésel-hidrógeno.
Cada alternativa fue sometida a un análisis detallado de sus componentes, configuración y beneficios medioambientales en la adaptación al catamarán. Después de analizar las variables operacionales, los componentes y las características técnicas de cada una de las alternativas, se elaboró un cuadro comparativo que, a través de criterios de evaluación basados en las ventajas y desventajas de cada alternativa, se obtuvo que la más apropiada, en el largo plazo, es la alternativa de celdas de combustible y baterías de litio ...
The present document outlines the development of a study on the feasibility of implementing clean technologies as energy sources to power a medium-sized tourist vessel. The aim is to reduce or eliminate the CO2 emissions generated by the combustion of its diesel engines, and for this purpose, a comprehensive literature review was conducted to understand the current state of the technologies used in marine decarbonization. This analysis provided an overview of the available and most promising alternatives for implementation in this project, thus confirming the feasibility of converting the vessel. In the case study, a catamaran operating on Lake Todos los Santos in the Vicente Pérez Rosales National Park, located in Puerto Varas, Los Lagos Region, was selected. This vessel emits approximately 430 tons of CO2 during a year of operation, generated by the operation of two diesel engines with a nominal power of 298 kW (400 hp) each, and a diesel generator of 47 kVA to supply the electrical system. Based on the operational aspects of the catamaran, the energy requirements of the engines and the electric generator were identified, thus obtaining the total energy demand of the system, which amounted to 1800 kWh. With knowledge of the energy requirement of the vessel, five alternatives were selected to replace the current configuration: 100% batteries, fuel cells, e-fuels, electro-diesel hybrid, and diesel-hydrogen hybrid. Each alternative underwent a detailed analysis of its components, configuration, and environmental benefits in adapting to the catamaran. After analyzing the operational variables, components, and technical characteristics of each alternative, a comparative table was drawn up which, through evaluation criteria based on the advantages and disadvantages of each alternative, concluded that the most suitable one in the long term is the fuel cells and lithium batteries alternative ...
The present document outlines the development of a study on the feasibility of implementing clean technologies as energy sources to power a medium-sized tourist vessel. The aim is to reduce or eliminate the CO2 emissions generated by the combustion of its diesel engines, and for this purpose, a comprehensive literature review was conducted to understand the current state of the technologies used in marine decarbonization. This analysis provided an overview of the available and most promising alternatives for implementation in this project, thus confirming the feasibility of converting the vessel. In the case study, a catamaran operating on Lake Todos los Santos in the Vicente Pérez Rosales National Park, located in Puerto Varas, Los Lagos Region, was selected. This vessel emits approximately 430 tons of CO2 during a year of operation, generated by the operation of two diesel engines with a nominal power of 298 kW (400 hp) each, and a diesel generator of 47 kVA to supply the electrical system. Based on the operational aspects of the catamaran, the energy requirements of the engines and the electric generator were identified, thus obtaining the total energy demand of the system, which amounted to 1800 kWh. With knowledge of the energy requirement of the vessel, five alternatives were selected to replace the current configuration: 100% batteries, fuel cells, e-fuels, electro-diesel hybrid, and diesel-hydrogen hybrid. Each alternative underwent a detailed analysis of its components, configuration, and environmental benefits in adapting to the catamaran. After analyzing the operational variables, components, and technical characteristics of each alternative, a comparative table was drawn up which, through evaluation criteria based on the advantages and disadvantages of each alternative, concluded that the most suitable one in the long term is the fuel cells and lithium batteries alternative ...
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Keywords
Motores Diesel , Software , Baterias