Publication: ANÁLISIS Y EVALUACIÓN DE MÉTODOS UTILIZADOS PARA LA DETECCIÓN DE ISLA EN SISTEMAS DE GENERACIÓN FOTOVOLTAICA
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Date
2016
Authors
COLLAO VÁSQUEZ, ÁLVARO IGNACIO
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Abstract
DENTRO de toda la gama existente de convertidores de corriente continua a corrientealterna, tambien conocidos en la literatura electronica como inversores, existen unoscapaces de inyectar energa en sincrona con una red de referencia, que comunmente es lared de suministro electrico, estos inversores son muy utilizados en el campo fotovoltaico yse conocen como inversores On-Grid. La interconexion entre el inversor, la carga y la redelectrica da lugar a multiples problemas, tales como la distorsion de armonicos, regulacionde voltaje, anti-islanding, interrupciones sostenidas, entre otras.El desarrollo de esta memoria hara enfasis al estudio del fenomeno isla, uno de losproblemas de interconexion mencionados anteriormente. Este fenomeno se produce cuandola energa suministrada por la red electrica es interrumpida y el generador fotovoltaicocontinua energizando una parte, o la totalidad, de la carga. Entonces, el inversor ya no seencuentra en sincrona con la red electrica y esta deja de controlar esa fraccion aislada delsistema; comprometiendo la seguridad, el restablecimiento de la red y la con abilidad delequipo [1]. Para evitar el fenomeno islanding existen multiples metodos de control que soncapaces de determinar la inexistencia de la red electrica. El objetivo es analizar y evaluarcada uno de estos metodos; para ello se debera; inicialmente, modelar y simular el inversorcon inyeccion a la red para posteriormente modelar y simular cada metodo de deteccioncon el n de generar tablas y gra cas comparativas que ayuden a determinar las ventajas ydesventajas de cada metodo. Seran evaluados parametros de tiempo de deteccion, armonicosde corriente y la zona de no deteccion, y se trabajara en base a las normas establecidas porel estandar IEEE 929-2000 (IEEE Std. 929; 2000).
INSIDE the range of existing converters of direct current to altern current, also knownin the electronic literature as inverter, there are some of it capable of inyecting energyaccording to a reference network that is usually the electricity grid. These inverters arevery common and widely used in the photovoltaic eld and they are known as On Gridinverters. The interconnection between the inverter, load and the grid circuit resultsin a multiple problem: harmonic distortion, voltage regulation, anti-islading, sustaineddisruptions, between others.The development of this nal project will emphasize the study of island phenomenon, oneof the interconnection problems mentionated before. This phenomenon is produced whenthe power supplied by the mains is interrupted and the photovoltaic generator continuesenergizing a part, or the entire load [1]. So, the inverter is no longer in synchronized withthe grid and the mains stops controlling this isolated fraction of the system; compromisingsafety, restoration of the network and the equipment reliability.To avoid the islanding phenomenon there are several control methods capable ofdetermining the existence of the grid. The objective is to analyze and evaluate each of thesemethods; for that it will be required, initially, to model and simulate the grid-tied inverter;later on, it will be possible to model and simulate each detection method in order to generatecomparative graphs and tables that help to determine the advantages and disadvantages ofeach method. some parameteres as detection time, current harmonics and the non detectionzone will be evaluated. The study is based on the standards established by the standardIEEE 929-2000 (IEEE Std. 929; 2000).
INSIDE the range of existing converters of direct current to altern current, also knownin the electronic literature as inverter, there are some of it capable of inyecting energyaccording to a reference network that is usually the electricity grid. These inverters arevery common and widely used in the photovoltaic eld and they are known as On Gridinverters. The interconnection between the inverter, load and the grid circuit resultsin a multiple problem: harmonic distortion, voltage regulation, anti-islading, sustaineddisruptions, between others.The development of this nal project will emphasize the study of island phenomenon, oneof the interconnection problems mentionated before. This phenomenon is produced whenthe power supplied by the mains is interrupted and the photovoltaic generator continuesenergizing a part, or the entire load [1]. So, the inverter is no longer in synchronized withthe grid and the mains stops controlling this isolated fraction of the system; compromisingsafety, restoration of the network and the equipment reliability.To avoid the islanding phenomenon there are several control methods capable ofdetermining the existence of the grid. The objective is to analyze and evaluate each of thesemethods; for that it will be required, initially, to model and simulate the grid-tied inverter;later on, it will be possible to model and simulate each detection method in order to generatecomparative graphs and tables that help to determine the advantages and disadvantages ofeach method. some parameteres as detection time, current harmonics and the non detectionzone will be evaluated. The study is based on the standards established by the standardIEEE 929-2000 (IEEE Std. 929; 2000).
Description
Catalogado desde la version PDF de la tesis.
Keywords
ANTI-ISLANDING , INVERSOR , METODOS DE CONTROL , ZONA DE NO DETECCION