Publication: Caracterización de diseños de minas en superficie mediante visualización satelital
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Date
2023-09
Authors
Álvarez Gálvez, Javier Ignacio
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Abstract
Los parámetros geométricos desempeñan un papel fundamental en el diseño de minas a cielo abierto, ya que abarcan aspectos cruciales como la configuración de bancos, ángulos, rampas, y switchbacks, entre otros. Estos elementos son esenciales para la operación minera y la eficiencia de la extracción de recursos. Es importante destacar que, en la actualidad, el diseño de estos parámetros geométricos en las minas chilenas se basa principalmente en el criterio individual de los planificadores mineros, sin adherirse a estándares nacionales o internacionales.
En este contexto, esta investigación tiene como objetivo evaluar de manera estandarizada la configuración de los parámetros geométricos en las minas a cielo abierto en Chile. Para ello, se utilizó el software Google Earth Pro para obtener imágenes satelitales de las minas, lo que permitió una representación fiel de sus diseños geométricos. Se identificaron las variables más influyentes en el diseño de estas minas superficiales y se construyó una base de datos que abarcara una amplia variedad de estilos de diseño de rajos, parametrizados en función de estas variables. Posteriormente, se aplicaron técnicas de Machine Learning para segmentar y agrupar los diferentes tipos de rajos en base a las variables involucradas.
Los resultados de esta investigación revelaron diferencias significativas entre los diseños de los parámetros geométricos de las minas estudiadas. Estas variaciones son evidentes y demuestran que las decisiones de diseño tienen un impacto notable en la configuración de las minas. En consecuencia, se destaca la necesidad de desarrollar una guía o metodología clara para los planificadores mineros que les facilite la toma de decisiones en este aspecto.
En última instancia, se recomienda aprovechar la metodología desarrollada en esta investigación para crear un enfoque más robusto que permita medir los parámetros geométricos de las minas utilizando la inteligencia artificial y la visualización satelital. Esto podría agilizar significativamente el proceso de medición, aportando eficiencia en términos de tiempo y recursos.
Geometric parameters play a fundamental role in the design of open-pit mines, encompassing crucial aspects such as bench configuration, angles, ramps, and switchbacks, among others. These elements are essential for mining operations and the efficiency of resource extraction. It is noteworthy that, at present, the design of these geometric parameters in Chilean mines is primarily based on the individual criteria of mining planners, without adherence to national or international standards. In this context, this research aims to assess the configuration of geometric parameters in Chilean open-pit mines in a standardized manner. To achieve this, Google Earth Pro software was used to obtain satellite images of the mines, providing a faithful representation of their geometric designs. The most influential variables in the design of these surface mines were identified, and a database was constructed to encompass a wide variety of rajo design styles, parametrized based on these variables. Subsequently, Machine Learning techniques were applied to segment and group different types of rajos based on the involved variables. The results of this research revealed significant differences between the designs of geometric parameters in the studied mines. These variations are evident and demonstrate that design decisions have a notable impact on mine configuration. Consequently, there is a highlighted need to develop a clear guide or methodology for mining planners to facilitate decisionmaking in this aspect. Ultimately, it is recommended to leverage the methodology developed in this research to create a more robust approach that allows for the measurement of mine geometric parameters using artificial intelligence and satellite visualization. This could significantly streamline the measurement process, providing efficiency in terms of time and resources.
Geometric parameters play a fundamental role in the design of open-pit mines, encompassing crucial aspects such as bench configuration, angles, ramps, and switchbacks, among others. These elements are essential for mining operations and the efficiency of resource extraction. It is noteworthy that, at present, the design of these geometric parameters in Chilean mines is primarily based on the individual criteria of mining planners, without adherence to national or international standards. In this context, this research aims to assess the configuration of geometric parameters in Chilean open-pit mines in a standardized manner. To achieve this, Google Earth Pro software was used to obtain satellite images of the mines, providing a faithful representation of their geometric designs. The most influential variables in the design of these surface mines were identified, and a database was constructed to encompass a wide variety of rajo design styles, parametrized based on these variables. Subsequently, Machine Learning techniques were applied to segment and group different types of rajos based on the involved variables. The results of this research revealed significant differences between the designs of geometric parameters in the studied mines. These variations are evident and demonstrate that design decisions have a notable impact on mine configuration. Consequently, there is a highlighted need to develop a clear guide or methodology for mining planners to facilitate decisionmaking in this aspect. Ultimately, it is recommended to leverage the methodology developed in this research to create a more robust approach that allows for the measurement of mine geometric parameters using artificial intelligence and satellite visualization. This could significantly streamline the measurement process, providing efficiency in terms of time and resources.
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Keywords
Exploración minera , Minas a cielo abierto , Imágenes satélitales