Publication: EVALUACIÓN TÉCNICO Y ECONÓMICO DE UN SISTEMA DE DISTRIBUCIÓN DE AGUAS GRISES EN UNA LOCALIDAD AFECTADA POR SEQUÍA DE LA V REGIÓN
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Date
2023-09
Authors
LEYTON SOTO, JAVIER IGNACIO
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Abstract
Chile en los últimos años ha presenciado como el cambio climático ha afectado a gran parte de los recursos hídricos que tiene el país, por lo que es necesario una búsqueda de nuevas alternativas capaces de mitigar la escasez hídrica. Frente a esto, aparece la opción de reutilización de aguas grises para disminuir la demanda, mantener la oferta y beneficiar a un grupo de personas que necesite de esta oportunidad.
De esta manera, se buscó analizar la factibilidad técnica y económica de un conjunto de sistemas de tratamiento y distribución de aguas grises en una localidad de la quinta región, a fin de proporcionar soluciones de mitigación de sequía, donde se seleccionó alternativas para el tratamiento de las aguas grises, tomando en consideración las necesidades de la localidad afectada, desarrollar el estudio técnico del sistema del conjunto de tratamiento y distribución de aguas grises, capaz de otorgar beneficios y soluciones de mitigación de sequía y desarrollar la evaluación económica del proyecto, tomando en consideración el carácter social del estudio.
Para cumplir con este objetivo, se seleccionó el lugar ubicado en Lo Vásquez, Casablanca, y se realizó una encuesta y un taller FODA a una población de 16 casas. Se estableció que el agua a tratar correspondería solo a aguas provenientes de lavadora debido a la menor intervención que presenta y un sistema individual por casas dada las condiciones que presentaba el alcantarillado. También se seleccionó la alternativa de tratamiento, que consiste en un sistema de distribución de aguas grises con una etapa de filtración, un biofiltro y desinfección, el cual se seleccionó por los eficientes porcentajes de remoción que permiten estar por debajo de los límites máximos de la Ley 21.075 de Chile, además de
presentar bajos costos de operación y mantenimiento
Chile has witnessed in recent years how climate change has affected a significant portion of the country's water resources, making it necessary to explore new alternatives capable of mitigating water scarcity. In response to this, the option of reusing greywater emerges as a means to reduce demand, maintain supply, and benefit those who require this opportunity. In this way, the feasibility, both technically and economically, of a set of greywater treatment and distribution systems in a locality in the fifth region was examined in order to provide drought mitigation solutions. Alternatives for greywater treatment were selected, taking into account the needs of the affected locality. The technical study of the greywater treatment and distribution system was developed to offer benefits and drought mitigation solutions, followed by an economic evaluation of the project, considering its social nature. To achieve this objective, the location chosen was Lo Vásquez, Casablanca, and a survey and SWOT analysis were conducted with a population of 16 households. It was determined that only wastewater from washing machines would be treated due to its limited complexity, and an individual system was selected for each house due to sewerage system conditions. The chosen treatment alternative involves a greywater distribution system with filtration, a biofilter, and disinfection stages. This alternative was selected for its efficient removal rates, keeping below the maximum limits set by Chile's Law 21.075. Additionally, it boasts low operating and maintenance costs
Chile has witnessed in recent years how climate change has affected a significant portion of the country's water resources, making it necessary to explore new alternatives capable of mitigating water scarcity. In response to this, the option of reusing greywater emerges as a means to reduce demand, maintain supply, and benefit those who require this opportunity. In this way, the feasibility, both technically and economically, of a set of greywater treatment and distribution systems in a locality in the fifth region was examined in order to provide drought mitigation solutions. Alternatives for greywater treatment were selected, taking into account the needs of the affected locality. The technical study of the greywater treatment and distribution system was developed to offer benefits and drought mitigation solutions, followed by an economic evaluation of the project, considering its social nature. To achieve this objective, the location chosen was Lo Vásquez, Casablanca, and a survey and SWOT analysis were conducted with a population of 16 households. It was determined that only wastewater from washing machines would be treated due to its limited complexity, and an individual system was selected for each house due to sewerage system conditions. The chosen treatment alternative involves a greywater distribution system with filtration, a biofilter, and disinfection stages. This alternative was selected for its efficient removal rates, keeping below the maximum limits set by Chile's Law 21.075. Additionally, it boasts low operating and maintenance costs
Description
Keywords
TRATAMIENTO DE AGUAS , AGUAS RESIDUALES -- TRATAMIENTO , GESTION AMBIENTAL , INGENIERÍA SANITARIA