Thesis REVISIÓN Y ACTUALIZACIÓN DEL MÉTODO DE RECONCILIACIÓN DEL CONVERTIDOR TENIENTE EN FUNDICIÓN HERNÁN VIDELA LIRA ENAMI
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Date
2016
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Abstract
El objetivo principal de este estudio fue proponer mejoras al actual balanceador metalúrgico contable de la Fundición Hernán Videla Lira, centrándose en los balances realizados sobre el equipo principal de la Fundición, el Convertidor Teniente. Estas mejoras se basan en la fenomenología de la fundición de concentrado realizada por el Convertidor Teniente, cosa que el actual balanceador no considera.Debido a que el balanceador actual se basa en un modelo puramente matemático, los resultados fenomenológicamente inverosímiles, a pesar de no ser comunes, son posibles, por lo que al agregar restricciones fenomenológicas al balanceador se busca eliminar dichos resultados.En este estudio se propone el uso de dos relaciones como base para las restricciones fenomenológicas; la relación entre la ley del metal blanco y la ley de la escoria y la relación entre la ley del metal blanco y el coeficiente de oxígeno. Además se plantea de forma paralela a dichas restricciones, agregar al balance las corrientes gaseosas que ingresan y salen del Convertidor Teniente, las que actualmente no son consideradas.Respecto a las corrientes gaseosas, estas se deben agregar debido a que al no ser consideradas, se crea un desbalance de 1 tonelada mensual por cada 5 toneladas mensuales de concentrado fundido, y teniendo en cuenta que en promedio se funden aproximadamente 25.000 toneladas de concentrado al mes, el desbalance producto de no considerar las corrientes gaseosas es de 5.000 toneladas.Respecto de la relación de ley de metal blanco versus ley de la escoria, esta relación se utiliza principalmente cuando la ley de la escoria es demasiado elevada, mientras que la relación de ley de metal blanco versus coeficiente de oxígeno, se utiliza principalmente en casos donde la ley del metal blanco es muy baja. Al analizar los resultados obtenidos, se observó que se obtienen distintos y posiblemente mejores resultados al utilizar las relaciones que con el modelo actual. Adicionalmente se analizó de qué forma influyen las restricciones en los resultados del balanceador cuando los datos iniciales están muy desbalanceados respecto a los pesos secos y/o respecto a los finos, en escenarios sin gases, con gases y solo considerando gases de salida. Sobre esto último se concluyó que independiente del escenario, el balanceador siempre tiende a modificar las corrientes de salida para que se igualen a las de entrada, por efecto de los factores de calidad de cada corriente.También se pudo ver que en general, las emisiones de arsénico aumentan o disminuyen dependiendo si el desbalance inicial es una deficiencia o un exceso respectivamente, de las corrientes de entrada, tanto para los finos como para los pesos secos, pudiendo variar hasta en 198% en algunos casos.
The main objective of this study was to propose improvements to current accounting metallurgical Balancer in Hernán Videla Lira Smelter, focusing on balances carried on the main casting equipment, Teniente Converter. These improvements are based on phenomenology of concentrate smelting by Teniente Converter, which are not considered in the current balancer.Because the current balancer is based on a purely mathematical model, the phenomenologically unlikely results, although not common, are possible. Hence adding phenomenological restrictions on the balancer would seek to eliminate these results.In this study the use of two relations are proposed as a basis for the phenomenological restrictions; the relation between white metal copper grade and slag copper grade, and the relation between white metal copper grade and the oxygen coefficient. In addition, it is proposed in parallel with these restrictions, add to the balance, the gas streams that go in and out the Teniente Converter, which are currently not considered.Regarding gas streams, these must be added because not considering them create a 1 monthly ton imbalance for every 5 monthly tons of molten concentrate, and considering that on average about 25.000 tons of concentrate melt to month, the product imbalance of not consider gas streams is 5.000 tons.Regarding the white metal copper grade and slag copper grade, this relation is primarily used when the copper grade of the slag is too high, while the relation between white metal copper grade and the oxygen coefficient is used mainly in cases where the copper grade of the white metal is too low.When analyzing the results it was observed that different and possibly better results are obtained when using phenomenological relations than with the current model. In addition, it was analyzed how restrictions influence on the results when the initial data were significantly unbalanced regarding weights and / or with respect to the fine copper, in scenarios without gases, with gases and only considering exhaust gases, where it was concluded that independent of the scenario, the balancer always tends to modify the output currents to equalize to the input, due to the effect of the quality factors of every current.It was also seen that in general, arsenic emissions increase or decrease depending on whether the initial imbalance is a deficiency or excess respectively of the input currents for both the fine and for the weights, where they may vary by up to 198% in some cases.
The main objective of this study was to propose improvements to current accounting metallurgical Balancer in Hernán Videla Lira Smelter, focusing on balances carried on the main casting equipment, Teniente Converter. These improvements are based on phenomenology of concentrate smelting by Teniente Converter, which are not considered in the current balancer.Because the current balancer is based on a purely mathematical model, the phenomenologically unlikely results, although not common, are possible. Hence adding phenomenological restrictions on the balancer would seek to eliminate these results.In this study the use of two relations are proposed as a basis for the phenomenological restrictions; the relation between white metal copper grade and slag copper grade, and the relation between white metal copper grade and the oxygen coefficient. In addition, it is proposed in parallel with these restrictions, add to the balance, the gas streams that go in and out the Teniente Converter, which are currently not considered.Regarding gas streams, these must be added because not considering them create a 1 monthly ton imbalance for every 5 monthly tons of molten concentrate, and considering that on average about 25.000 tons of concentrate melt to month, the product imbalance of not consider gas streams is 5.000 tons.Regarding the white metal copper grade and slag copper grade, this relation is primarily used when the copper grade of the slag is too high, while the relation between white metal copper grade and the oxygen coefficient is used mainly in cases where the copper grade of the white metal is too low.When analyzing the results it was observed that different and possibly better results are obtained when using phenomenological relations than with the current model. In addition, it was analyzed how restrictions influence on the results when the initial data were significantly unbalanced regarding weights and / or with respect to the fine copper, in scenarios without gases, with gases and only considering exhaust gases, where it was concluded that independent of the scenario, the balancer always tends to modify the output currents to equalize to the input, due to the effect of the quality factors of every current.It was also seen that in general, arsenic emissions increase or decrease depending on whether the initial imbalance is a deficiency or excess respectively of the input currents for both the fine and for the weights, where they may vary by up to 198% in some cases.
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Catalogado desde la version PDF de la tesis.
Keywords
CONVERTIDOR FUNDICION, METODO RECONCILIACION, MINA EL TENIENTE
Citation
Campus
Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María UTFSM. Casa Central Valparaíso