Browsing by Author "Plaza Vergara, Norma Margarita"
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Thesis EVALUACIÓN TÉCNICO Y ECONÓMICA DE LA APLICACIÓN DE LA TECNOLOGÍA DE GASIFICACIÓN DE CARBÓN Y BIOMASA UTILIZANDO ENERGÍA SOLAR EN UNA CENTRAL TERMOELÉCTRICA DE PEQUEÑA ESCALA(2018) Plaza Vergara, Norma Margarita; Departamento de Industrias; Toledo Torres, Mario Gonzalo; Sáez Carreño, AlejandroThe goal of this work is to perform a technical and economic evaluation of the coal and biomass gasification technology using concentrated solar power for the production of electrical energy in a small-scale power plant. The process of co-combustion of the mixture of synthesis gas produced with coal or biomass in the boiler of the thermoelectrical power plant is considered as appropriate.General concepts associated with conventional gasification and solar gasification are defined identifying the knowledge and the experiences already performed at a national and international level on this kind of technologies.For the case studies, two thermoelectrical power stations were chosen - a coal and a biomass - according to their solar radiation conditions and installed power. Unit 13 of the Themoelectrical Power Station located in Tocopilla in the Antofagasta´s Region was chosen for the assessment of solar gasification of coal and the Thermoelectrical Power Station located in Mostazal in the Lib. Gral. Bernardo O'Higgins´ Region was chosen for the solar gasification of biomass.For the technical evaluation of each one of the stations, solar plants were measured for three scenarios which consider an energetic input of synthesis gas of 5, 10 and 20% in the process of co-combustion in the boiler. Based on these energetic inputs, it is suggested the design of fields of concentrating solar power, also defining the quantity of heliostats and the respective area.For the economic analysis, the private project evaluation methodology is used specifying incomes, costs, taxes, indicators and risk analysis. In addition, an environmental and social assessment of the project is performed.The economic evaluations of the profitable scenarios correspond to an energy contribution of 5% and 10% for the coal-fired power plant, obtaining returns of 10.7 MM US$ and 5.5 MM US$ respectively, and in the case of the biomass thermoelectric plant, all the scenarios present negative returns.To bring to an end, when performing the risk analysis, it can be seen that chosen project, whose profitability is 10.7 MM US$, it would have positive results with a 90% probability. However, it must be borne in mind that the level of development of solar gasification technology is at an experimental level and has not reached the level of maturity that would allow industrial development at this time.
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