Browsing by Author "Monsalvez Lopez, Marco Abelino"
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Thesis IMPLEMENTACION DE UN SISTEMA DE GESTION ENERGETICA EN PLANTAS DE GENERACION DE ENERGIA ELECTRICA CON BIOMASA COMO COMBUSTIBLE(2017) Monsalvez Lopez, Marco Abelino; Departamento de Industrias; Toledo Torres, Mario Gonzalo; Comunian, FlavioThis thesis aims to provide the foundations for the implementation of an Energy Management System (SGE) in electric power generation plants that use biomass as fuel, based on the ISO 50001 standard.This work was conducted by reviewing the contribution of biomass in the country's energy matrix, establishing that there are 24 plants operating with biomass, with powers from 1.5 to 67.2 MW, making a total of 425.9 MW of installed capacity in February 2017. Also, it may be mentioned that there are projects with an approved RCA of 449 MW and environmental rating of 87 MW, however, there are no power plants under construction, as opposed to the other ERNCs that exist under construction of around 1,500 MW.Regarding the biomass used in Chile, it concentrates on byproducts of the wood industry, such as bark, wood chip, shaving and sawdust. The production of biomass has also been developed from the waste that is left in the forest after harvesting, thus avoiding forest fires. The use of biomass from agricultural origin has begun slowly; but wheat straw, corn straw, oat straw and oat husks are already being used; which are by-products that are normally burned in the field.In order to determine if there is room for the incorporation of new biomass power generation projects (forestry and agriculture), an estimation of the potential that could achieve a power of 256.5 MW and 456 MW each has been made.A review to the fundamental aspects that affect the efficiency in the design and the operation of biomass plants was made in relation to the technology of biomass power generation. Concluding how decisive it is to have an efficient design of the steam cycle and the operational parameters, such as: steam temperature, vacuum on the turbine condenser, and moisture of the fuel. This is how it is possible to have plants designed to operate with total efficiency from 25 % to 32 %. By understanding that the application of a SGE requires knowing where and how the energy is consumed within the power plant, an analysis of the plant's electrical consumption was made, obtaining an average value of 9.6 % of the total generated power. These own consumptions are the ones that must be managed in order to achieve the highest efficiency in the process of energy transformation.After the technical aspects aforementioned were known, the conceptual theme of an Energy Management System (SGE) is introduced. Defining who can adopt them, what an SGE is and the steps towards its implementation.In the final stages of the Thesis, the proposal of the SGE based on ISO 50001 standard is presented, developing the core requirements in further detail, such as; energy planning, where the performance indicators that must be under control in the operation of the plant are proposed.It is concluded that the use of SGE is recommended, based on the ISO 50001 standard, since it seeks to unify and systematize the efforts of the organization to improve its energy management by means of continuous improvement.It is internationally noted that the application of an SGE has allowed an improvement in the energy performance of around 3 to 10 %, where its implementation can be formal, but not necessarily certified in order to obtain its benefits.
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