Browsing by Author "Espinoza Cuellar, Hugo Ivan Alejandro"
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Thesis ANÁLISIS DE EXPERIENCIAS PRÁCTICAS Y RESULTADOS DE REDES INTELIGENTES(2016) Espinoza Cuellar, Hugo Ivan Alejandro; Jara Tirapegui, Wilfredo; Departamento de Industrias; Mancilla Ayancán, MarcoThe growing energy demand in a context of greater social awareness of the impact that human activities are having on the world, is generating strong pressure on countries to ensure reliable, secure and sustainable supply, which is the existential basis of a modern economy and society.Technological advances are promoting the incorporation of non-conventional renewable sources of energy and the development of measures for its efficient use. Smart Grids (SG) are enabling consumers to increasingly become protagonists in demand management.The SG are a virtuous complement between the traditional power grid and the information technology and communication, which can control the flow and automatically adapt to changes in supply and demand.The purpose of this thesis is to deepen the understanding of the SG, their scope and degree of current development, and to describe the main barriers that have prevented a faster takeoff worldwide.The SG have the potential to generate many benefits to the economy of a country, benefiting all producers, consumers, businesses and the environment. These benefits depend on the strategic objectives of each country, which could be as varied as increasing efficiency, improving reliability, promoting renewable energy, reducing emissions or postponing investments. In economic terms, the benefits of the fully deployed SG are estimated at 0.7% of GDP.However, there are different types of barriers that must be overcome in less developed countries such as Chile -regulatory, technological, standardization, investment costs, market, business model and support- because they are delaying the massification of SG. A specific objective of this paper is to analyze practical experiences of implementing SG at national and international level. The number of projects and information available is wide, so some outstanding projects will be presented.Great similarities can be found when comparing the SG development in the US and Europe. In both regions there is broad government support for the implementation of SG technologies and the development of pilot demonstration plans. There are funds to subsidize investments, research, development and training. They have a shared vision about the contributions of the SG to the energy sector in particular and the economy in general. They are at the forefront of technological development.In contrast, in Chile, the situation is less dynamic. Fewer projects have been implemented, in particular the micro-network projects ESUSCON in Huatacondo and SmartCity in Huechuraba, the latter framed in the Chilectra SG. Both experiences will be described.The analysis of all the data shows that the SG have a number of common challenges internationally. In addition to overcoming the aforementioned technological and standardization barriers, the need to ensure the privacy of customers is emerging strongly, not only protecting them against virus threats, spam (junk mail) and trojans (malicious mail), but also against phishing, monitoring and data capture. In the United States, problems with the privacy of customer data in SG have already been detected. The information about the lifestyle and even the health of consumers has been compromised, by capturing data using electrical appliances, motion sensors and medical devices.In Chile, the challenges are different, more basic. The first one is to align the vision regarding SG. Here the government has a relevant coordinating role, similar to the one the Ministry of Energy took in the participatory development of the Energy Policy. Chile should create an appropriate regulatory framework for the development of SG. Another challenge is to improve the regulations that encourage distributed generation, exploiting comparative advantages in non-conventional renewable sources of energy. The current regulations are not giving the expected results.This paper concludes with identifying the opportunities for the country to meet the indicated challenges. Firstly, there is the Bill that establishes new systems of electric power transmission and creates a new coordinating entity. It includes a strategic planning process that should promote new technologies, and where SG should be integrated.Another opportunity is provided by the Draft Law on Energy Efficiency, which is expected to be sent to Congress the second half of this year. The national goal is to reduce 20% of the projected energy consumption by 2025 through efficiency initiatives. The SG are key to this challenge and should therefore be explicitly encouraged.A third opportunity is the "Policy on Science, Technology and Innovation in Energy" which the government has set as a challenge to start developing this year 2016 and that provides strategic technology planning processes, where SG will not be on the sidelines.
Política de Privacidad 
