Publication: "IDENTIFICACIÓN DE LOS ELEMENTOS DE GANGA QUE MODIFICAN LAS PROPIEDADES REOLOGICAS Y SEDIMENTOLÓGICAS DE LOS RELAVES COMPLEJOS"
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Date
2018
Authors
ARISMENDI AEDO, NATHALIA ANDREA
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Abstract
La presencia de minerales ultrafinos, que incluyen arcillas y filosilicatos, en los minerales chilenos fluctúa entre 5 y 25%, afectando la reología de las pulpas minerales, lo que modifica significativamente su conducta en las diferentes operaciones unitarias de la planta concentradora, particularmente en el espesamiento de relaves, donde se afecta la recuperación de agua clara, contenidos de sólidos suspendidos en esta agua y el porcentaje de solidos requeridos en la descarga del espesador. Estudios previos indican que la velocidad de sedimentación de las distribuciones granulométricas de relave que alimentan a un espesador son altamente variables, principalmente a nivel de D50, observándose que la conducta desmejorada del espesador se debe en gran medida a la contribución de la distribución granulométrica de las fracciones por debajo del D50, más que al efecto de la existencia de un componente mineralógico de ganga particular.Sin embargo, otros estudios indican que la presencia de ciertos componentes de ganga y particularmente de tipo de arcilla, pueden afectar negativamente las propiedades reologicas de una pupa mineral, la que no se encuentra exenta de controversias en cuanto a que algunos componentes de esta ganga actúan muy negativamente en las propiedades reologicas para algunos autores y su efecto es menor o totalmente ausente, para otros.El presente proyecto de título, corresponde a un estudio teórico y experimental, que tiene por objetivo general determinar el efecto de diferentes contenidos y tipos de arcillas en unidades geológicas sobre la conducta reológica y de sedimentación de sus relaves.Se analizaron 5 muestras con diferentes especies de filosilicatos del grupo de las arcillas (caolinita, montmorillonita), talco (pirofilita) y micas (muscovita). El estudio consideró la búsqueda de relaciones entre especies mineralógicas asociadas a los filosilicatos y variables reológicas (tensión de fluencia) y sedimentológicas (velocidad de sedimentación). Además, establecer si existe alguna relación entre su mineralogía y la cinética de molienda.Los resultados obtenidos establecen la influencia del contenido de filosilicatos en las propiedades reológicas y sedimentológicas en los relaves de cobre, reduciendo la velocidad de sedimentación y aumentando los valores de tensión de fluencia y viscosidad.Además, se valida la hipótesis. El reconocimiento y cuantificación de las especies mineralógicas son determinantes para predecir la conducta del relave y su nivel de dureza. Sin embargo, las propiedades reológicas y sedimentológicas dependen de la cantidad de partículas que estén por debajo del valor de D10.
The presence of ultrafine minerals, including clays and phyllosilicates, in Chilean minerals fluctuates between 5 and 25%, affecting the rheology of mineral pulps, which significantly modifies their behavior in the different unit operations of the concentrator plant, particularly in the tailings thickening, where the recovery of clear water is affected, suspended solids contents in this water and the percentage of solids required in the thickener discharge. Previous studies indicate that the sedimentation velocity of tailings granulometric distributions that feed a thickener are highly variable, mainly at the D50 level, observing that the thickened behavior of the thickener is largely due to the contribution of the granulometric distribution of the thickeners. fractions below D50, rather than the effect of the existence of a particular gangue mineralogical component However, other studies indicate that the presence of certain components of gangue and particularly of clay type, can negatively affect the rheological properties of a mineral pupa, which is not exempt from controversies in that some components of this gangue act very negatively in the rheological properties for some authors and its effect is less or totally absent, for others. The present project of title, corresponds to a theoretical and experimental study, whose general objective is to determine the effect of different contents and types of clays in geological units on the rheological behavior and sedimentation of their tailingsFive samples were analyzed with different species of phyllosilicates from the group of clays (kaolinite, montmorillonite), talc (pyrophyllite) and micas (muscovite). The study considered the search for relationships between mineralogical species associated with phyllosilicates and rheological variables (yield stress) and sedimentological variables (sedimentation velocity). Also, establish if there is any relationship between your mineralogy and the grinding kinetics.The results obtained establish the influence of the content of phyllosilicates on the rheological and sedimentological properties in copper tailings, reducing the sedimentation rate and increasing the values of yield stress and viscosity. In addition, the hypothesis is validated. The recognition and quantification of mineralogical species are determinants for predicting the behavior of the tailings and their level of hardness. However, the rheological and sedimentological properties depend on the amount of particles that are below the D10 value.
The presence of ultrafine minerals, including clays and phyllosilicates, in Chilean minerals fluctuates between 5 and 25%, affecting the rheology of mineral pulps, which significantly modifies their behavior in the different unit operations of the concentrator plant, particularly in the tailings thickening, where the recovery of clear water is affected, suspended solids contents in this water and the percentage of solids required in the thickener discharge. Previous studies indicate that the sedimentation velocity of tailings granulometric distributions that feed a thickener are highly variable, mainly at the D50 level, observing that the thickened behavior of the thickener is largely due to the contribution of the granulometric distribution of the thickeners. fractions below D50, rather than the effect of the existence of a particular gangue mineralogical component However, other studies indicate that the presence of certain components of gangue and particularly of clay type, can negatively affect the rheological properties of a mineral pupa, which is not exempt from controversies in that some components of this gangue act very negatively in the rheological properties for some authors and its effect is less or totally absent, for others. The present project of title, corresponds to a theoretical and experimental study, whose general objective is to determine the effect of different contents and types of clays in geological units on the rheological behavior and sedimentation of their tailingsFive samples were analyzed with different species of phyllosilicates from the group of clays (kaolinite, montmorillonite), talc (pyrophyllite) and micas (muscovite). The study considered the search for relationships between mineralogical species associated with phyllosilicates and rheological variables (yield stress) and sedimentological variables (sedimentation velocity). Also, establish if there is any relationship between your mineralogy and the grinding kinetics.The results obtained establish the influence of the content of phyllosilicates on the rheological and sedimentological properties in copper tailings, reducing the sedimentation rate and increasing the values of yield stress and viscosity. In addition, the hypothesis is validated. The recognition and quantification of mineralogical species are determinants for predicting the behavior of the tailings and their level of hardness. However, the rheological and sedimentological properties depend on the amount of particles that are below the D10 value.
Description
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Keywords
FILOSILICATOS , FLOTACION , REOLOGÍA , SEDIMENTACIÓN