Thesis Propuesta de optimización para el modelo de turnos operacionales en la flota narrow body de LATAM
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Date
2015-05
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Program
Ingeniería en Aviación Comercial
Departament
Campus
Campus Santiago Vitacura
Abstract
El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo la entrega de una propuesta de mejora al “Modelo de Turnos Operacionales Back up”, basado en el análisis de datos históricos del comportamiento del gasto de turno y el impacto de Legs afectadas por distintas variables conocidas como contingencias. El motivo de realizar una optimización al modelo de turnos operacionales back up obedece a que hoy la operación de LATAM en vuelos nacionales y regionales, se encuentra expuesta a contingencias que afectan la operación diaria, tales como ATC, Aeropuerto & Recursos, Atención a Pax, Mantenimiento, Meteorología y Daños al avión, donde la compañía tiene recursos humanos para mitigar estas variables, estableciendo una meta operacional de turnos compuesta por 4 tripulaciones por día, distribuidas en turnos de las 05:40 am-17:40 pm y las 12:00 pm-23:59 pm. El factor de ocupación de estos turnos es de un 37% respecto a la cantidad de turnos al inicio del día, considerando que se pierden un 40% de los turnos programados debido a variables tales como la fatiga, licencias médicas, ilegalidades, periodos de descanso cambios de actividad, etc. El análisis se sitúa en las tripulaciones con base en Santiago de Chile, y se estudia la utilización y perdida de turnos programados para la mitigación de contingencias, donde del total de turnos al comienzo el día se utiliza en promedio un 37%, con un remanente de un 63% turnos no utilizados, donde la sobre programación tiende a ajustar el rol de vuelo de las tripulaciones, los excesos son pagados con multas o bonos, dependiendo de la ilegalidad o el exceso. Se estudian los meses con mayor operación para definir y sensibilizar el modelo para ajustarse a las distintas estacionalidades, donde se puede reforzar la meta operacional o reducir la meta liberando de funciones a tripulaciones. Se detectó que no se puede relacionar directamente el modelo de turnos operacionales con las distintas contingencias debido a que son sucesos impredecibles, pero en el análisis de gasto de turno y programación de turnos de tripulantes de mando, se obtuvo que el remanente de turnos programados era mayor que lo necesitado. El análisis busca optimizar la sobre programación de turnos que se obtuvo en el 2014, realizando dos escenarios para buscar en que porcentaje se pueden reducir los turnos programados para mantener la meta de turnos necesaria, de esta manera colateralmente se reducen los excesos debido a cambios de actividades, turnos adicionales, horas de vuelo, etc. Ya que el rol de vuelo de cada tripulante tiene más espacio. De acuerdo al análisis realizado se estima que se puede llegar a reducir en un 43% los turnos programados, manteniendo el gasto realizado el 2014, hoy en día se programan 22 turnos diarios manteniendo la meta operacional de 4 tripulaciones por día. El análisis indica que se podría llegar a tener un espectro de 16 turnos en temporada baja y reforzar con 18 tripulaciones diarias de turno en la temporada alta, manteniendo un impacto de cero en la puntualidad, basado en el gasto real que se realizó el año 2014.
This paper aims to deliver a proposal to improve the "Model of Operational Back up Shifts”, based on the analysis of historical data shift spending behavior and the impact of affected Legs by using different variables known as contingencies. The reason to seek and perform an optimization model of operational back up shifts is because today the operation of LATAM in its domestic and regional flights are exposed to different contingencies that affect daily operations, some of the few are ATC (Air Traffic Control), Airport & Resources, Attention Pax and maintenance, where the company has human resources to mitigate these variables, establishing operational target shift crews that consist of 4 per day, divided into shifts 05: 40-17 : 40 and 12: 00-23 : 59, from which we find that the load factor is 37 % on the number of shifts earlier in the day and it is also considered that 40 % of shifts are lost due to variables such as fatigue, sick leave, illegalities, rest periods, changes of activity, etc. The analysis is based on crews in Santiago, Chile. It studies the use of scheduled back up shifts against the remaining unused, on average only 37% percent of the total shifts are utilized, with a remainder of 63 % of shifts unused, which is where programming tends to adjust the role of flight crew, where one can also find that the excess programming provokes payments of fines or bonds, depending on the illegality or excessiveness that occurred. The months are studied with greater awareness of the operational aspects to define and model what suits the differences seasonally, where you can reinforce the operational target or reduce the standard for the amount of back up crew needed daily. The analysis show that one can´t directly relate the operational model of back up turns with various contingencies because they are unplanned events, but in the analysis of the amount of shift use and the amount of programmed shifts, it was found that the remaining scheduled shifts were larger than needed. So, where the analysis seeks to improve on shift scheduling that was obtained in 2014, it’s making two scenarios look as though percentage may be reduced with regards to programmed shifts to maintain the necessary shift goal, so that the collateral is the reduction of the over-programming due to changes in activities, extra shifts , flying hours, etc. Since the flight schedule of each flight crew member has more space. Currently the analysis estimates that it can be reduced by 43 %, the scheduled shifts, and keep the same expenditure in 2014, today 22 daily shifts are scheduled to keep the operational target of 4 crews per day. The analysis indicates that you could have a range of 16 crews in low season to 18 crews in high season on duty daily, based on actual spending and remaining shifts that took place in 2014.
This paper aims to deliver a proposal to improve the "Model of Operational Back up Shifts”, based on the analysis of historical data shift spending behavior and the impact of affected Legs by using different variables known as contingencies. The reason to seek and perform an optimization model of operational back up shifts is because today the operation of LATAM in its domestic and regional flights are exposed to different contingencies that affect daily operations, some of the few are ATC (Air Traffic Control), Airport & Resources, Attention Pax and maintenance, where the company has human resources to mitigate these variables, establishing operational target shift crews that consist of 4 per day, divided into shifts 05: 40-17 : 40 and 12: 00-23 : 59, from which we find that the load factor is 37 % on the number of shifts earlier in the day and it is also considered that 40 % of shifts are lost due to variables such as fatigue, sick leave, illegalities, rest periods, changes of activity, etc. The analysis is based on crews in Santiago, Chile. It studies the use of scheduled back up shifts against the remaining unused, on average only 37% percent of the total shifts are utilized, with a remainder of 63 % of shifts unused, which is where programming tends to adjust the role of flight crew, where one can also find that the excess programming provokes payments of fines or bonds, depending on the illegality or excessiveness that occurred. The months are studied with greater awareness of the operational aspects to define and model what suits the differences seasonally, where you can reinforce the operational target or reduce the standard for the amount of back up crew needed daily. The analysis show that one can´t directly relate the operational model of back up turns with various contingencies because they are unplanned events, but in the analysis of the amount of shift use and the amount of programmed shifts, it was found that the remaining scheduled shifts were larger than needed. So, where the analysis seeks to improve on shift scheduling that was obtained in 2014, it’s making two scenarios look as though percentage may be reduced with regards to programmed shifts to maintain the necessary shift goal, so that the collateral is the reduction of the over-programming due to changes in activities, extra shifts , flying hours, etc. Since the flight schedule of each flight crew member has more space. Currently the analysis estimates that it can be reduced by 43 %, the scheduled shifts, and keep the same expenditure in 2014, today 22 daily shifts are scheduled to keep the operational target of 4 crews per day. The analysis indicates that you could have a range of 16 crews in low season to 18 crews in high season on duty daily, based on actual spending and remaining shifts that took place in 2014.
Description
Keywords
Tripulaciones, Modelo de turnos, Contingencia, LATAM
