Thesis INDICADORES DE DESEMPEÑO EN TÚNELES VIALES PARA MODELO DE NIVELES DE SERVICIO DE CARRETERAS
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Date
2019
Authors
SEPÚLVEDA SANDOVAL, RUBÉN ALONSO
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Abstract
El trabajo de memoria de titulo se enmarca dentro del Proyecto FONDEF IT16I10008 titulado
“Modelo para Evaluar los Niveles de Servicio de Carreteras en Chile, Implementable en Bases de
Licitación para Nuevas Concesiones”, cuyo objetivo principal es impulsar el uso de tecnologías desarrolladas
previamente en nuestro país e incentivar un mejoramiento continuo en la gestión de la red
vial. A su vez, el modelo cuenta con tres enfoques distintos entre los cuales se distribuyen la totalidad
de los activos viales, estos son: modelo de satisfacción para usuario, preservación del patrimonio y
efectos en la comunidad aledaña.
En particular, dentro de los activos viales se encuentran los túneles, objeto de estudio de esta
memoria de título, los cuales son obras de infraestructura subterráneas construidas con el propósito
de que el tránsito de vehículos pueda superar con mayor facilidad zonas de relieve abrupto. A su vez,
los túneles están conformados por sub-activos que pueden formar parte de la infraestructura o bien
ser elementos y/o sistemas que contribuyen a la operación y explotación de este.
En este trabajo se incluye el activo túnel al modelo de niveles de servicio por medio de seis
sistemas fundamentales, agrupados en dos de los tres enfoques mencionados anteriormente (modelo
de satisfacción para el usuario y modelo de preservación de patrimonio). Dentro del primer enfoque
se encuentran los sistemas de Ventilación, Iluminación y Protección contra incendios, mientras que en
el segundo se encuentran los sistemas de Saneamiento y Drenaje, Electromecánico y Estructural.
Cada sistema es representado por un conjunto de indicadores técnicos que sea capaces de reflejar el
nivel de gestión empleado en el sistema, de esta manera es posible obtener una evaluación objetiva del
nivel de desempeño de cada sub-activo. La selección de los indicadores representativos de los sistemas
se lleva a cabo mediante una exhaustiva revisión bibliográfica que busca contrastar la tecnología o
procedimientos utilizados en el extranjero con el estado de la practica de nuestro país. Cada indicador
propuesto es definido mediante una metodología de evaluación, instrumentos de medición (en caso de
utilizarse) y umbrales acorde a la normativa y tecnología existente. Posteriormente se busca la opinión
de expertos de cada área, generando un proceso de retroalimentación y validación de las propuestas
de evaluación presentadas en este trabajo.
Como resultado de esta investigación se elaboran seis informes técnicos que justifican los indicadores
propuesto para la medición de cada sistema del activo túnel. Ademas, se expone de manera clara el
procedimiento de medición del indicador, el instrumento utilizado y la tabla de evaluación de desempeño asociado al nivel de cumplimiento del parámetro. Para simplificar el uso de esta metodología,
adicionalmente a los informes técnicos, se elaboran fichas técnicas que detallan en forma resumida
el procedimiento de medición, nivel de desempeño y calificación total del activo (estos informes se
adjuntan en el Anexo A).
The title Thesis is part of the FONDEF (Fund for the Promotion of Scientific and Technological Development) Project IT16I10008 titled ”Model to Evaluate Roads Service Levels in Chile, Implementable in Tender Bases for New Concessions”, whose main objective is to promote the use of technologies previously developed in our country and encourage a continuous improvement in the management of the road network. In turn, the model has three different approaches among which are distributed all of the road assets, these are: satisfaction model for user, heritage preservation and effects on the surrounding community. In particular, within the road assets are the tunnels, object of study of this title report, which are underground infrastructure works built with the purpose that vehicle traffic can more easily overcome areas of abrupt relief. In turn, the tunnels are made up of sub-assets that can be part of the infrastructure or be elements and/or systems that contribute to the operation and exploitation of this. This work includes the active tunnel to the service level model by means of six fundamental systems, grouped in two of the three approaches mentioned above (model of satisfaction for the user and model of preservation of heritage). Within the first approach are Ventilation, Lighting and Fire Protection systems, while in the second are the Sanitation and Drainage, Electromechanical and Structural systems. Each system is represented by a set of technical indicators that are able to reflect the level of management used in the system, in this way it is possible to get an objective evaluation of the level of performance of each sub-asset. The selection of representative indicators of the systems is carried out through an exhaustive literature review that seeks to contrast the technology or procedures used abroad with the state of practice of Chile. Each proposed indicator is defined by an evaluation methodology, measurement instruments (if used) and thresholds according to the existing regulations and technology. Subsequently, the opinion of experts from each area is sought, generating a feedback and validation process of the evaluation proposals presented in this work. As a result of this investigation, six technical reports are produced that justify the proposed indicators for the measurement of each tunnel asset system. Besides, the procedure for measuring the indicator, the instrument used and the performance evaluation table associated with the level of compliance with the parameter are clearly stated. In order to simplify the use of this methodology, in addition to the technical reports, technical sheets are prepared that detail in summary the measurement procedure, performance standar and total asset rating (these reports are attached in Annex A).
The title Thesis is part of the FONDEF (Fund for the Promotion of Scientific and Technological Development) Project IT16I10008 titled ”Model to Evaluate Roads Service Levels in Chile, Implementable in Tender Bases for New Concessions”, whose main objective is to promote the use of technologies previously developed in our country and encourage a continuous improvement in the management of the road network. In turn, the model has three different approaches among which are distributed all of the road assets, these are: satisfaction model for user, heritage preservation and effects on the surrounding community. In particular, within the road assets are the tunnels, object of study of this title report, which are underground infrastructure works built with the purpose that vehicle traffic can more easily overcome areas of abrupt relief. In turn, the tunnels are made up of sub-assets that can be part of the infrastructure or be elements and/or systems that contribute to the operation and exploitation of this. This work includes the active tunnel to the service level model by means of six fundamental systems, grouped in two of the three approaches mentioned above (model of satisfaction for the user and model of preservation of heritage). Within the first approach are Ventilation, Lighting and Fire Protection systems, while in the second are the Sanitation and Drainage, Electromechanical and Structural systems. Each system is represented by a set of technical indicators that are able to reflect the level of management used in the system, in this way it is possible to get an objective evaluation of the level of performance of each sub-asset. The selection of representative indicators of the systems is carried out through an exhaustive literature review that seeks to contrast the technology or procedures used abroad with the state of practice of Chile. Each proposed indicator is defined by an evaluation methodology, measurement instruments (if used) and thresholds according to the existing regulations and technology. Subsequently, the opinion of experts from each area is sought, generating a feedback and validation process of the evaluation proposals presented in this work. As a result of this investigation, six technical reports are produced that justify the proposed indicators for the measurement of each tunnel asset system. Besides, the procedure for measuring the indicator, the instrument used and the performance evaluation table associated with the level of compliance with the parameter are clearly stated. In order to simplify the use of this methodology, in addition to the technical reports, technical sheets are prepared that detail in summary the measurement procedure, performance standar and total asset rating (these reports are attached in Annex A).
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Keywords
NIVELES DE SERVICIO , TÚNELES VIALES , INDICADORES DE DESEMPEÑO