Thesis VERIFICACION ESTRUCTURAL DE EDIFICACION EXISTENTE SOMETIDA A SOLICITACIONES DE TSUNAMI
Date
2017
Authors
LÓPEZ HEVIA, CRISTIAN FERNANDO
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Abstract
Esta memoria se divide principalmente en dos partes, una primera etapa dirigida a la evaluaciónde una estructura existente, verificando el cumplimiento de los requerimientos y recomendacionesincluidos de la normativa vigente para edificios sometidos a cargas sísmicas según la NCh433of.1996 mod.2009 y lo descrito en el decreto supremo D.S. N°61 - que en conjunto fijan el diseñosísmico de edificios - así como el detallamiento de elementos estructurantes según el capítulo 21del código ACI 318-08 y el D.S. N°60 que fija el los requisitos de diseño y cálculo para estructurasde hormigón armado. Una vez realizado esto, se dio paso a la segunda etapa de la investigación,donde se realizó un estudio orientado a la obtención de la capacidad global de la estructura pararesistir las demandas. Para ello, se realizó un análisis no lineal, mediante un análisis estático decarga incremental no lineal o también conocido como método Pushover, con la finalidad de estimarsu curva de capacidad en sus dos direcciones principales y compararla con la demanda sísmicade la NCh433 para estimar el estado de la estructura.Dicho análisis fue ejecutado con el programa Sap2000 según los criterios de modelación yaceptación que definen las curvas constitutivas de las rotulas plásticas que se forman en loselementos, incorporadas en el documento de la Agencia Federal de Manejo de Emergencias -FEMA 356 (2000) - de Estados Unidos, sumado a las propiedades de rigidez y resistencia de loselementos que estructuran el edificio.Con este antecedente de capacidad, se estimó que la respuesta del edificio es bastante adecuadafrente a la demanda sísmica, quedando dentro del rango “ocupacional” luego de ocurrido el evento.Por lo tanto, se pudo precisar que la edificación no presentará daños al momento de recibir lascargas inducidas por el tsunami (demanda). Estas solicitaciones fueron determinadas ydispuestas sobre el edificio de acuerdo a lo descrito en la norma chilena NCh3363 of. 2015"Diseño estructural - Edificaciones en áreas de riesgo de inundación por tsunami o seiche".Finalmente, y luego de analizada la estructura, se determinó que el edificio que es capaz depermanecer dentro del rango de desempeño de ocupación inmediata posterior a la demandasísmica, y tiene la capacidad suficiente para soportar las solicitaciones provocadas por el tsunami.
This study is divided mainly into two parts, a first stage aimed at evaluating an existing structure,verifying compliance with the requirements and recommendations included in the currentregulations for buildings subjected to seismic loads according to the NCh433 of.1996 mod.2009and What is described in Supreme Decree DS N ° 61 - which together determine the seismic designof buildings - as well as the detailing of structural elements according to chapter 21 of code ACI318-08 and D.S. N ° 60 which sets the design and calculation requirements for reinforced concretestructures. Once done, the second stage of the investigation is given, where a study was conductedto obtain the global capacity of the structure to resist the demands. For this, a non-linear analysiswas carried out, through a static analysis of incremental non-linear load or Pushover, in order toestimate its capacity curve its two main directions and compare it with the seismic demand ofNCh433 to estimate the state of the structure.This analysis was performed with the Sap2000 program according to the modeling and acceptancecriteria that define the constitutive curves of the plastic hinges that are formed in the elements,incorporated in the document of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) 356 (2000).Of the United States, added to the properties of rigidity and resistance of the elements that structurethe building.With this antecedent of capacity, it was shown that the response of the building is quite adequateagainst the seismic demand, being within the "occupational" range after the eventoccurred. Therefore, it could be specified that the building will not present damages at the momentof receiving the charges induced by the tsunami (demand).These loads were determined andarranged on the building according to the described in the Chilean code NCh3363 of. 2015"Structural Design - Buildings in areas of risk of flooding by tsunami or seiche".Finally, after analyzing the structure, it was determined that the building is able to remain within therange of immediate occupation performance after seismic demand, and has sufficient capacity towithstand the stresses caused by the tsunami.
This study is divided mainly into two parts, a first stage aimed at evaluating an existing structure,verifying compliance with the requirements and recommendations included in the currentregulations for buildings subjected to seismic loads according to the NCh433 of.1996 mod.2009and What is described in Supreme Decree DS N ° 61 - which together determine the seismic designof buildings - as well as the detailing of structural elements according to chapter 21 of code ACI318-08 and D.S. N ° 60 which sets the design and calculation requirements for reinforced concretestructures. Once done, the second stage of the investigation is given, where a study was conductedto obtain the global capacity of the structure to resist the demands. For this, a non-linear analysiswas carried out, through a static analysis of incremental non-linear load or Pushover, in order toestimate its capacity curve its two main directions and compare it with the seismic demand ofNCh433 to estimate the state of the structure.This analysis was performed with the Sap2000 program according to the modeling and acceptancecriteria that define the constitutive curves of the plastic hinges that are formed in the elements,incorporated in the document of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) 356 (2000).Of the United States, added to the properties of rigidity and resistance of the elements that structurethe building.With this antecedent of capacity, it was shown that the response of the building is quite adequateagainst the seismic demand, being within the "occupational" range after the eventoccurred. Therefore, it could be specified that the building will not present damages at the momentof receiving the charges induced by the tsunami (demand).These loads were determined andarranged on the building according to the described in the Chilean code NCh3363 of. 2015"Structural Design - Buildings in areas of risk of flooding by tsunami or seiche".Finally, after analyzing the structure, it was determined that the building is able to remain within therange of immediate occupation performance after seismic demand, and has sufficient capacity towithstand the stresses caused by the tsunami.
Description
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Keywords
DISENO SISMICO DE EDIFICIOS , EVALUACION ESTRUCTURAL , TSUNAMI