Thesis DISEÑO DE SISTEMA DE ENFRIAMIENTO PARA PANELES FOTOVOLTAICOS SOMETIDOS A ALTA RADIACIÓN Y TEMPERATURA
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Date
2021-06
Authors
TORRES TOBAR, FRANCO FELIPE
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Abstract
La zona norte del país cuenta con la mayor radiación solar del mundo, lo que ha permitido y fomentado en gran medida la proliferación de proyectos fotovoltaicos. Estos avances, han significado un progreso positivo en cuanto a la matriz energética de Chile, como también la disminución del uso de tecnologías de generación más contaminantes, sin embargo, todo este progreso se ve afectado ante la degradación acelerada que sufren los equipos, poniendo en riesgo la reputación y efectividad de esta tecnología en Chile. Esto se debe principalmente a la temperatura de operación que se encuentra sometido el módulo, pudiendo llegar a los 70°C en un día de verano, siendo 25°C la temperatura de trabajo establecida por el fabricante, así conservar sus condiciones de operación y vida útil.
Es por esto, que algunas empresas han instalado radiadores en los módulos fotovoltaicos, pero las soluciones expuestas no son económicamente atractivas, debido a que instalar el radiador es más costoso que comprar un panel nuevo.
Este trabajo de título tiene como principal objetivo diseñar un sistema de enfriamiento para paneles fotovoltaicos sometidos a alta radiación y temperatura, que pueda ser utilizado en plantas ya instaladas o por instalar, con el fin de aumentar la vida útil de los paneles, reduciendo las pérdidas por efecto del calentamiento del panel, potenciando así su rendimiento.
De esta forma, se realiza un estado del arte en donde se detectan las limitaciones de los sistemas disponibles en la actualidad, enfocado en rendimiento y costos. Teniendo en cuenta las necesidades del cliente se construyen listas de objetivos y de especificaciones, para luego ponderarlas respecto a su importancia. Se realiza una búsqueda interna mediante las herramientas de benchmarking, matriz de calidad, matriz TRIZ, brainstorming y carta morfológica. A continuación, se generan conceptos de sistemas enfriadores, para escoger el más adecuado
The northern part of the country has the highest solar radiation in the world, which has allowed and greatly encouraged the proliferation of photovoltaic projects. These advances have meant positive progress in terms of Chile's energy matrix, as well as the decrease in the use of more polluting generation technologies, however, all this progress is affected by the accelerated degradation suffered by equipment, putting in risk the reputation and effectiveness of this technology in Chile. This is mainly due to the operating temperature that the module is subjected to, which can reach 70 ° C on a summer day, with 25 ° C being the working temperature established by the manufacturer, thus preserving its operating conditions and life. Useful. This is why some companies have installed radiators in the photovoltaic modules, but the solutions presented are not economically attractive, since installing the radiator is more expensive than buying a new panel. The main objective of this title work is to design a cooling system for photovoltaic panels subjected to high radiation and temperature, which can be used in plants already installed or to be installed, in order to increase the useful life of the panels, reducing losses due to the heating of the panel, thus enhancing its performance. In this way, a state of the art is made where the limitations of the systems available today are detected, focused on performance and costs. Taking into account the needs of the client, lists of objectives and specifications are built, and then weighed against their importance. An internal search is carried out using benchmarking tools, quality matrix, TRIZ matrix, brainstorming and morphological chart. Next, concepts of cooling systems are generated, to choose the most suitable one
The northern part of the country has the highest solar radiation in the world, which has allowed and greatly encouraged the proliferation of photovoltaic projects. These advances have meant positive progress in terms of Chile's energy matrix, as well as the decrease in the use of more polluting generation technologies, however, all this progress is affected by the accelerated degradation suffered by equipment, putting in risk the reputation and effectiveness of this technology in Chile. This is mainly due to the operating temperature that the module is subjected to, which can reach 70 ° C on a summer day, with 25 ° C being the working temperature established by the manufacturer, thus preserving its operating conditions and life. Useful. This is why some companies have installed radiators in the photovoltaic modules, but the solutions presented are not economically attractive, since installing the radiator is more expensive than buying a new panel. The main objective of this title work is to design a cooling system for photovoltaic panels subjected to high radiation and temperature, which can be used in plants already installed or to be installed, in order to increase the useful life of the panels, reducing losses due to the heating of the panel, thus enhancing its performance. In this way, a state of the art is made where the limitations of the systems available today are detected, focused on performance and costs. Taking into account the needs of the client, lists of objectives and specifications are built, and then weighed against their importance. An internal search is carried out using benchmarking tools, quality matrix, TRIZ matrix, brainstorming and morphological chart. Next, concepts of cooling systems are generated, to choose the most suitable one
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Keywords
| BENCHMARKING (Administración) , PANELES SOLARES FOTOVOLTAICOS , ENFRIAMIENTO , TEMPERATURA
