Thesis DISEÑO DE LABORATORIO MÓVIL Y MATERIAL AUDIOVISUAL PARA MEDICIÓN DE MATERIAL PARTICULADO VEHICULAR EN CONDICIONES REALES DE OPERACIÓN
Date
2022
Authors
ESPINDOLA, KEVIN AXEL
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Abstract
Con el paso de las décadas se ha podido observar un considerable aumento en la emisión de contaminantes atmosféricos, siendo las principales responsables, las fuentes de origen antropogénico. Un sector que ha cobrado real importancia en esta problemática es el transporte. Los medios de transporte no solo facilitan el acceso a empleos, educación, mercados, sino que, además, tienen un rol fundamental en el desarrollo económico de los países. Pese a ello, la popularización de esta tecnología, el continuo uso de combustibles fósiles y el gran daño medioambiental generado por las emisiones atmosféricas de este sector han opacado las grandes virtudes alcanzadas. A nivel internacional, durante los últimos años se han realizado una serie de revisiones a la metodología de evaluación y homologación de vehículos. En el caso de determinados contaminantes, se ha podido observar la existencia de una discrepancia significativa entre las mediciones realizadas en el laboratorio y el comportamiento “real” del vehículo. Para corregir estas deficiencias, distintos países del mundo han empezado a incorporar a sus procesos de homologación, información obtenida a través de sistemas portátiles de monitoreo de emisiones (PEMS, Portable Emissions Measurement Systems), complementando los datos generados en los dinamómetros de chasis tradicionales. De esta manera es que nace el Proyecto ANID FONDEF IDeA I+D ID18I10297, donde se enmarca el presente trabajo, el cual busca dar solución a una serie de problemáticas asociadas a la futura incorporación en Chile de la normativa EURO 6, proceso caracterizado por introducción del ensayo de mediciones bajo condiciones reales de operación, también conocido como ensayo RDE. Así, el objetivo general de este trabajo consistió en diseñar e implementar un laboratorio móvil multitareas con la finalidad de utilizarlo en la realización de ensayos de emisiones, además de brindar una instalación adecuada para la elaboración de diversas charlas informativas.
Over the decades, there has been a considerable increase in the emission of atmospheric pollutants, the main culprits being anthropogenic sources. One sector that has gained real importance in this problem is transportation. Means of transport not only facilitate access to jobs, education and markets, but also play a fundamental role in the economic development of countries. However, the popularization of this technology, the continued use of fossil fuels and the great environmental damage caused by atmospheric emissions from this sector have overshadowed the great virtues achieved. Around the world, in recent years a number of revisions have been made to the methodology for vehicle evaluation and type approval. In the case of certain pollutants, it has been observed that there is a significant discrepancy between the measurements taken in the laboratory and the "real" behavior of the vehicle. To correct these deficiencies, various countries around the world have begun to incorporate information obtained from portable emission monitoring systems (PEMS, Portable Emissions Measurement Systems) into their homologation processes, complementing the data generated by traditional chassis dynamometers. This is how the ANID FONDEF IDeA I+D ID18I10297 Project was born, in which the present work is framed, which seeks to solve a series of problems associated with the future incorporation in Chile of the EURO 6 regulation, which is characterized by the introduction of the test of measurements under real operating conditions, also known as RDE test. Thus, the general objective of this work was to design and implement a mobile multitasking laboratory in order to use it for emission tests, in addition to providing a suitable facility for conducting various informative lectures.
Over the decades, there has been a considerable increase in the emission of atmospheric pollutants, the main culprits being anthropogenic sources. One sector that has gained real importance in this problem is transportation. Means of transport not only facilitate access to jobs, education and markets, but also play a fundamental role in the economic development of countries. However, the popularization of this technology, the continued use of fossil fuels and the great environmental damage caused by atmospheric emissions from this sector have overshadowed the great virtues achieved. Around the world, in recent years a number of revisions have been made to the methodology for vehicle evaluation and type approval. In the case of certain pollutants, it has been observed that there is a significant discrepancy between the measurements taken in the laboratory and the "real" behavior of the vehicle. To correct these deficiencies, various countries around the world have begun to incorporate information obtained from portable emission monitoring systems (PEMS, Portable Emissions Measurement Systems) into their homologation processes, complementing the data generated by traditional chassis dynamometers. This is how the ANID FONDEF IDeA I+D ID18I10297 Project was born, in which the present work is framed, which seeks to solve a series of problems associated with the future incorporation in Chile of the EURO 6 regulation, which is characterized by the introduction of the test of measurements under real operating conditions, also known as RDE test. Thus, the general objective of this work was to design and implement a mobile multitasking laboratory in order to use it for emission tests, in addition to providing a suitable facility for conducting various informative lectures.
Description
Keywords
EMISIONES ATMOSFERICAS , CONTAMINANTES , AUTOMOVILES
