Thesis MODELAMIENTO TÉRMICO POR ELEMENTOS FINITOS DE PANEL FOTOVOLTAICO MONOFACIALY BIFACIAL
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Date
2020-01
Authors
FARÍAS GONZÁLEZ, CRISTIAN ANDRÉS
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Abstract
Dentro de las energías renovables destaca el uso de la solar fotovoltaica para la generación de energía eléctrica mostrando un aumento considerable en su participación dentro de la matriz energética a nivel nacional e internacional, resulta necesario desarrollar políticas de operación y mantenimiento adecuadas con el fin de asegurar un correcto desempeño por parte de los paneles. La temperatura de funcionamiento en paneles fotovoltaicos, y específicamente de las celdas que los componen, es un factor determinante en la energía eléctrica que se logra obtener a partir de su operación abriendo un importante campo de estudio, nace entonces la necesidad de generar modelos térmicos con el fin de entender cómo interactúan las condiciones de funcionamiento, materiales utilizados y geometría asociada al panel en dicha temperatura. Se realizan simulaciones bajo diversas condiciones de operación para un panel fotovoltaico policristalino por medio de un modelo térmico en elementos finitos logrando así determinar los efectos de estas condiciones sobre la temperatura de operación en el panel, posteriormente se extiende este estudio a paneles bifaciales. El modelo policristalino generado es validado utilizando los datos obtenidos de la estación meteorológica y los paneles fotovoltaicos montados en la azotea del campus san Joaquín de nuestra universidad ubicado en Avda. Vicuña Mackenna 3939, comuna de San Joaquín, Santiago. Finalmente se desarrollan pruebas a partir del modelo generado estudiando el efecto que tiene tanto el ensuciamiento de los paneles como las sombras sobre estos.
Among renewable energies, theuse of photovoltaic solar energy for the generation of electricity shows a considerable increase in its share in the energy matrix at national and international level, it is necessary to develop appropriate operation and maintenance policies in order to ensure proper performance by the panels. The operating temperature in photovoltaic panels, and specifically of the cells that compose them, is a determining factor in the electrical energy that is obtained from its operation opening an important field of study, the need to generate thermal models is born in order to understand how the operating conditions, composition and geometry associated with the panel interact in said temperature. This paper aims to study the effects of environmental conditions, specifically wind and temperature, on the thermal gradients generated in polycrystalline and bifacial photovoltaic panels in conjunction with the underlying fluctuation in their operating efficiency. Simulations are carried out under various operating conditions for a polycrystalline photovoltaic panel using a finite element thermal model, thus determining the effects of these conditions on the operating temperature on the panel, later thisstudy is extended to bifacial panels. The polycrystalline model generated is validated using data obtained from the meteorological station and photovoltaic panels mounted on the roof of the San Joaquin campus of our university located in Avda. Vicuña Mackenna 3939, commune of San Joaquín, Santiago. Finally, tests are developed based on the model generated by studying the effect of both the fouling of the panels and the shadows on them.
Among renewable energies, theuse of photovoltaic solar energy for the generation of electricity shows a considerable increase in its share in the energy matrix at national and international level, it is necessary to develop appropriate operation and maintenance policies in order to ensure proper performance by the panels. The operating temperature in photovoltaic panels, and specifically of the cells that compose them, is a determining factor in the electrical energy that is obtained from its operation opening an important field of study, the need to generate thermal models is born in order to understand how the operating conditions, composition and geometry associated with the panel interact in said temperature. This paper aims to study the effects of environmental conditions, specifically wind and temperature, on the thermal gradients generated in polycrystalline and bifacial photovoltaic panels in conjunction with the underlying fluctuation in their operating efficiency. Simulations are carried out under various operating conditions for a polycrystalline photovoltaic panel using a finite element thermal model, thus determining the effects of these conditions on the operating temperature on the panel, later thisstudy is extended to bifacial panels. The polycrystalline model generated is validated using data obtained from the meteorological station and photovoltaic panels mounted on the roof of the San Joaquin campus of our university located in Avda. Vicuña Mackenna 3939, commune of San Joaquín, Santiago. Finally, tests are developed based on the model generated by studying the effect of both the fouling of the panels and the shadows on them.
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Keywords
PANELES SOLARES FOTOVOLTAICOS , ENERGIA SOLAR , GENERACION FOTOVOLTAICA DE ENERGIA