Publication: PLANIFICACIÓN JERÁRQUICA DE LA PRODUCCIÓN MEDIANTE LA APLICACIÓN DE MODELOS DE OPTIMIZACIÓN EN UNA EMPRESA DE MANUFACTURA
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Date
2013-08
Authors
BRAVO PAZOS, DANIEL ALEJANDRO
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Abstract
Este documento tiene como objeto de estudio el problema de la planificación y control de la producción, que se caracteriza por su alta complejidad dentro de las organizaciones, dado que debe lidiar con metas aparentemente en conflicto como la asignación eficiente de recursos escasos, la satisfacción del cliente y el control de inventarios. Por lo tanto, es necesario desarrollar metodologías que permitan alcanzar dichos objetivos de manera óptima. Una de estas metodologías es la planificación jerárquica de la producción que logra obtener planes maestros de producción disminuyendo la complejidad del problema, reduciendo el tiempo de resolución y su requerimiento computacional. En el capítulo 1 de este documento se analiza la problemática que justifica el estudio, definiendo el tema y sus objetivos principales, además del alcance que tendrá y la metodología que se utilizó. En el capítulo 2 y 3 se encuentra el estado del arte de la investigación, se realiza una revisión de la principal literatura acerca de la planificación jerárquica de la producción y de la cadena de suministro. Además de los principales antecedentes de la empresa de manufactura que fue objeto de estudio. En el capítulo 4 se propone un modelo de planificación jerárquica de tres niveles, un primer nivel agregado, que obtiene decisiones de producción para tipos de familia, un segundo nivel, que desagrega las decisiones del nivel anterior para cada familia de producto, y por último, el tercer nivel que obtiene las decisiones de producción totalmente desagregadas por producto e incluye algunos aspectos de la cadena de suministros, específicamente en su relación con los clientes. Luego, en el capítulo 5, los modelos propuestos son programados a través del lenguaje AMPL y resueltos con el solver Gurobi 5.5.0 con datos reales de la empresa de manufactura Torre S.A. En el capítulo 6, se realiza un análisis de sensibilidad para observar cómo se comportan las variables del modelo ante cambios en sus parámetros. Finalmente, en el capítulo 7, se presentan las principales conclusiones del estudio y se proponen posibles extensiones del mismo
The document focuses on the problem of planning and production control, characterized by its high complexity within organizations, due to dealing with goals that appear to conflict to each other, for instance with the efficient allocation of scarce resources, customer satisfaction and inventory control. Therefore, it is necessary to develop methodologies that allow reaching these goals in an optimal form. One of these methodologies is hierarchical production planning, which, through master production schedule, lowers the complexity of the problem and reduces the resolution time and computational requirement. In chapter 1, the main issue is analyzed, defining the theme and its main objectives; moreover, the scope that is pursued and the methodology that was used. In chapters 2 and 3 the state of the art is found, a review is done of key literature around hierarchical production planning and the supply chain. Furthermore the background of the manufacturing company in study is also presented. In chapter 4 a hierarchical planning model of 3 levels is proposed, a first aggregated level, from which production decisions by types of family are received, a second level, that disaggregates the decisions from the previous level by each family of product and finally the third level from which the production decisions are totally disaggregated by product and some aspects of the supply chain are included, specifically regarding the relation with clients. Then, in chapter 5, the proposed models are programmed using AMPL language and solved by Gurobi 5.5.0 with real data from the manufacturing company TORRE Co. In chapter 6 a sensitivity analysis is carried out to observe how the variables react when parameters change. Eventually in chapter 7, the main conclusions of the study are stated and possible extensions are proposed.
The document focuses on the problem of planning and production control, characterized by its high complexity within organizations, due to dealing with goals that appear to conflict to each other, for instance with the efficient allocation of scarce resources, customer satisfaction and inventory control. Therefore, it is necessary to develop methodologies that allow reaching these goals in an optimal form. One of these methodologies is hierarchical production planning, which, through master production schedule, lowers the complexity of the problem and reduces the resolution time and computational requirement. In chapter 1, the main issue is analyzed, defining the theme and its main objectives; moreover, the scope that is pursued and the methodology that was used. In chapters 2 and 3 the state of the art is found, a review is done of key literature around hierarchical production planning and the supply chain. Furthermore the background of the manufacturing company in study is also presented. In chapter 4 a hierarchical planning model of 3 levels is proposed, a first aggregated level, from which production decisions by types of family are received, a second level, that disaggregates the decisions from the previous level by each family of product and finally the third level from which the production decisions are totally disaggregated by product and some aspects of the supply chain are included, specifically regarding the relation with clients. Then, in chapter 5, the proposed models are programmed using AMPL language and solved by Gurobi 5.5.0 with real data from the manufacturing company TORRE Co. In chapter 6 a sensitivity analysis is carried out to observe how the variables react when parameters change. Eventually in chapter 7, the main conclusions of the study are stated and possible extensions are proposed.
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Keywords
ADMINISTRACIÓN DE LA PRODUCCIÓN , PLANIFICACIÓN DE LA PRODUCCIÓN MODELOS MATEMÁTICOS , TORRE S.A. , CADENA DE SUMINISTROS