Thesis IMPLEMENTACIÓN DE UNA HERRAMIENTA DE SIMULACIÓN MATEMÁTICA, PARA LA OPTIMIZACIÓN DEL PROCESO DE CHECK-IN DE PASAJEROS
Date
2019-12
Authors
ECHEVERRÍA BLANCO, FERNANDA PATRICIA
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Abstract
El presente trabajo propone una metodología para optimizar el proceso de check-in de un aeropuerto, utilizando modelos de simulación estocástica, que estiman la capacidad de flujo máxima de pasajeros del proceso y analizan cómo varía ésta según el nivel de automatización presente. Para esto se define primeramente cómo funciona el proceso de check-in, las formas en que se puede realizar y las variables que lo caracterizan, como los tiempos estándares de fila y de atención definidos por la industria. Se describen las herramientas que se utilizan para realizar la simulación, las cuales se componen de un software de simulación y de modelos de distribución estocásticos, para con ellos representar el flujo de pasajeros y los procesos del check-in. Se definen las características y supuestos que definen los escenarios a simular y cómo se medirá la capacidad máxima de estos en la simulación. Este trabajo propone también un esquema de consolidación de los distintos escenarios simulados, a través de lo que se denomina “trayectoria óptima para incremento de capacidad”, concepto que presenta la secuencia de crecimiento, en cantidades y variedades de módulos, que permite incrementar la capacidad de una determinada configuración, asegurando una utilización eficiente de los recursos involucrados. Se incluye también un modelo de ajuste para los resultados obtenidos mediante las simulaciones, el que se describe tanto a través de sus correspondientes expresiones matemáticas, como gráficamente. Estos modelos de ajuste permiten estimar, de forma muy simple y directa, el número de módulos necesarios para cubrir de forma eficiente una demanda dada, expresada en pasajeros por hora. Finalmente, se explican los resultados obtenidos y se aplica el modelo a un caso específico.
This paper proposes a methodology to optimize the airport check-in process, by using stochastic simulation models, which estimates the maximum passenger flow capacity of the process and analyzes variations of it according to the type of current automatization. In order to do so, it is primarily defined how the check-in process works, also the ways in which it can be performed and the variables that characterize it, such as the standard queue times and attention times defined by the industry. The skills used to perform the simulation are described, which are a simulation software and stochastic distribution models, to represent the flow of passengers and check-in processes. The characteristics and assumptions that define the scenarios to be simulated and how their maximum capacity in the simulation will be measured are also defined in this paper. It is propose a consolidation scheme of the different simulated scenarios, through what is called "optimal trajectory for capacity increase", a concept that presents the sequence of growth, in quantities and varieties of modules, which allows increasing capacity of a certain configuration, ensuring efficient use of the resources involved. An adjustment model is also included for the results obtained through the simulations, which is described both through their corresponding mathematical expressions, and graphically. These adjustment models allow estimating, in a very simple and direct way, the number of modules needed to efficiently cover a given demand, expressed in passengers per hour. Finally, the results obtained are explained and the model is applied to a specific case.
This paper proposes a methodology to optimize the airport check-in process, by using stochastic simulation models, which estimates the maximum passenger flow capacity of the process and analyzes variations of it according to the type of current automatization. In order to do so, it is primarily defined how the check-in process works, also the ways in which it can be performed and the variables that characterize it, such as the standard queue times and attention times defined by the industry. The skills used to perform the simulation are described, which are a simulation software and stochastic distribution models, to represent the flow of passengers and check-in processes. The characteristics and assumptions that define the scenarios to be simulated and how their maximum capacity in the simulation will be measured are also defined in this paper. It is propose a consolidation scheme of the different simulated scenarios, through what is called "optimal trajectory for capacity increase", a concept that presents the sequence of growth, in quantities and varieties of modules, which allows increasing capacity of a certain configuration, ensuring efficient use of the resources involved. An adjustment model is also included for the results obtained through the simulations, which is described both through their corresponding mathematical expressions, and graphically. These adjustment models allow estimating, in a very simple and direct way, the number of modules needed to efficiently cover a given demand, expressed in passengers per hour. Finally, the results obtained are explained and the model is applied to a specific case.
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Keywords
OPTIMIZACIÓN DE PROCESOS , MODELO ESTOCÁSTICO , AERONÁUTICA COMERCIAL