Thesis TECNOLOGÍAS DE LA INFORMACIÓN Y COMUNICACIÓN (TICs) Y SU APORTE A LA EMPLEABILIDAD DE PERSONAS CON DISCAPACIDAD FÍSICA EN CHILE: ESTUDIO EN LAS REGIONES METROPOLITANA, DE VALPARAÍSO Y DEL BÍO BÍO
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Date
2009-11
Authors
OVALLE FERNÁNDEZ, JOSÉ TOMÁS
OVALLE FERNÁNDEZ, JOSÉ TOMÁS
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Abstract
Según el último Estudio Nacional de la Discapacidad (ENDISC) existen en Chile 2.068.072 personas con algún tipo de discapacidad o, lo que es equivalente, un 12,9 % de la población presenta “deficiencias de las funciones y/o estructuras corporales, limitaciones en la actividad y restricciones en la participación” (INE. Primer Estudio Nacional de la Discapacidad en Chile (ENDISC) 2004. Parte 3: Resultados. 42 p.). Dentro de este grupo de discapacidades, la discapacidad leve, es decir, aquella discapacidad que dificulta la ejecución de las Actividades de la Vida Diaria (AVD)1, pero que permite a la persona seguir siendo independiente y no requiere apoyo de terceros, es la que mayor prevalencia tiene.
A pesar de que la Ley 19.284 establece normas para la plena integración social de personas con discapacidad, las estadísticas indican que, cuando una persona es discapacitada, las posibilidades de trabajar se reducen. De hecho, la población mayor de 15 años con discapacidad tiene una tasa de participación laboral de sólo el 29,2 %, y la tasa de desempleo es mayor, comparada con la de la población no discapacitada.
Esta realidad da espacio a utilizar alternativas viables en términos de conocimientos y costos a fin de que aquellas personas afectadas por discapacidades tengan acceso a trabajo remunerado que les permita mantenerse en sentido económico, mejorando su calidad de vida, tal como lo hacen las personas no discapacitadas.
Dichas alternativas serán analizadas y expuestas enfocándose en la clase de tecnologías disponibles a nivel mundial que ya han dado muestras de sus beneficios, así como lo que se ha requerido para llevar a cabo la implementación de dichas tecnologías.
According to the latest National Disability Survey (ENDISC) there are 2.068.072 people in Chile with a disability or, equivalently, 12.9% of the population has "deficiencies of the functions and/or body structures, activity limitations and participation restrictions” (INE. Primer Estudio Nacional de la Discapacidad en Chile (ENDISC) 2004. Parte 3: Resultados. 42 p.). Within this group of disabilities, mild disability, i.e. disability that hinders the implementation of the Activities of Daily Living (ADL)2, but allows the person to remain independent and requires no third party support, is the one with the highest prevalence. Although the Act 19.284 establishes rules for the full social integration of persons with disabilities, statistics show that when a person has a disability, the chances of work are reduced. In fact, the population over 15 years with disabilities has a participation rate of only 29,2%, and the unemployment rate is higher compared with non-disabled population. This reality gives space to use viable alternatives in terms of skills and costs so that those affected by disabilities have access to paid work that allows them to remain in an economic sense, improving their quality of life, as non-disabled people does. These alternatives will be analyzed and displayed by focusing on the kind of technologies available worldwide that already have shown its benefits as well as what is required to carry out the implementation of these technologies.
According to the latest National Disability Survey (ENDISC) there are 2.068.072 people in Chile with a disability or, equivalently, 12.9% of the population has "deficiencies of the functions and/or body structures, activity limitations and participation restrictions” (INE. Primer Estudio Nacional de la Discapacidad en Chile (ENDISC) 2004. Parte 3: Resultados. 42 p.). Within this group of disabilities, mild disability, i.e. disability that hinders the implementation of the Activities of Daily Living (ADL)2, but allows the person to remain independent and requires no third party support, is the one with the highest prevalence. Although the Act 19.284 establishes rules for the full social integration of persons with disabilities, statistics show that when a person has a disability, the chances of work are reduced. In fact, the population over 15 years with disabilities has a participation rate of only 29,2%, and the unemployment rate is higher compared with non-disabled population. This reality gives space to use viable alternatives in terms of skills and costs so that those affected by disabilities have access to paid work that allows them to remain in an economic sense, improving their quality of life, as non-disabled people does. These alternatives will be analyzed and displayed by focusing on the kind of technologies available worldwide that already have shown its benefits as well as what is required to carry out the implementation of these technologies.
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Keywords
EMPLEOS CHILE , PERSONAS CON DISCAPACIDAD EMPLEOS , TECNOLOGÍA DE LA INFORMACIÓN
