Thesis DESARROLLO Y VALIDACIÓN DE UN SISTEMA DE TRAZABILIDAD DE ENERGÍA ELÉCTRICA ENTRE PLANTA FOTOVOLTAICA SALVADOR Y CLIENTE FINAL EN SANTIAGO MEDIANTE SMART CONTRACT BASADO EN TECNOLOGÍA BLOCKCHAIN
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Date
2019
Authors
HERMOSILLA ASTORGA, DIEGO ALONSO
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Abstract
Esta Memoria de Título asume el desafío de validar y fortalecer el sistema de trazabilidad de energía eléctrica de la empresa Phineal a través de la programación de un smart contract desplegado en Ethereum que, gracias a una aplicación descentralizada (DApp), facilita la reproducción de una cadena de suministro instantánea de electricidad basada en Blockchain GTIME (blockchain federada desarrollada por Phineal). En el problema de trazabilidad, la planta PV Salvador es el punto de generación, la oficina de Phineal el punto de retiro y un modelo simplificado del Sistema Eléctrico Nacional (SEN) es el vínculo que permite incorporar las pérdidas por transporte entre ambos agentes. Usando el modelo del SEN, y de acuerdo con el marco regulatorio actual en Chile, se decidió emplear el Método de Bialek con Flujos Gruesos (a nivel de transmisión nacional) y el Método de Estampillado Postal (a nivel de transmisión zonal y distribución) para desplazar las pérdidas hacia los clientes finales. A fin de conseguir una cadena de suministro instantánea y autoejecutable, dichos procedimientos se incluyeron en un servidor ficticio del Coordinador Eléctrico Nacional (base de datos simulada) y en un archivo JavaScript de la propia DApp, respectivamente. La DApp, mediante el smart contract, utiliza una herramienta descentralizada de lectura web llamada Oraclize para importar los datos de entrada, evitando que esta se transforme en un intermediario en el que haya que depositar confianza. De este modo, los datos solicitados por el smart contract hacia los servidores implicados en el sistema de trazabilidad son:• Inyección de la planta y retiro del cliente final; medidos por los nodos phiNet y phiNergy de Phineal. Datos extraídos desde el Server de Blockchain GTIME (unidad de almacenamiento).• Factor de proporción de generación horaria de PV Salvador, demanda gruesa horaria y demanda real horaria; calculados a partir de la aplicación del Método de Bialek sobre el modelo simplificado del SEN en 14 estados horarios definidos para efectos de simulación. Datos extraídos desde un servidor ficticio del Coordinador (dispuesto para este prototipo).Luego, en conocimiento de toda la información de entrada, la DApp estima las pérdidas eléctricas empleando el Método de Estampillado Postal y construye una cadena de suministro de las cantidades físicas involucradas (en [MWH] y KWH]). Finalmente, para efectos de este prototipo, el contacto con el usuario se logra mediante la representación gráfica de la trazabilidad de flujos proyectada en la dirección de “loopback” disponible en cualquier navegador web; permitiendo al cliente final estar al tanto del abastecimiento energético a tiempo real. De este modo es posible conseguir, para un determinado instante de tiempo y en rangos de 20 minutos, una cadena de suministro instantánea que cuenta con dos niveles de validación en sus datos de origen (Blockchain GTIME y Ethereum), para su uso en certificados de producción, de abastecimiento y de cadena de suministro de “electricidad verde”.
This document takes on the challenge of validating and strengthening Phineal's electricity traceability system through the programming of a smart contract deployed in Ethereum which, thanks to a decentralized application (DApp), facilitates the reproduction of an instantaneous electricity supply chain based on Blockchain GTIME (federated blockchain developed by Phineal). In the traceability problem, the PV Salvador plant is the point of generation, Phineal's office is the point of consumption and a simplified model of the National Electric System (SEN) is the link that allows the incorporation of transport losses between both agents. Using the SEN model, and in accordance with the current regulatory framework in Chile, it was decided to use the Bialek Method with Gross Flows (at the national transmission level) and the Postal Stamping Method (at the zonal transmission and distribution level) to displace the losses to the final customers. In order to achieve on instantaneous and self-executing supply chain, these procedures were included in a fictitious server of the National Electrical Coordinator (simulated database) and in a JavaScript file of the DApp itself, respectively. The DApp, through the smart contract, uses a decentralized web-reading tool called Oraclize to import the input data, preventing it from becoming a trusted intermediary. In this way, the data requested by the smart contract to the servers involved in the traceability system are:• Plant injection and final customer consumption; measured by Phineal's phiNet and phiNergy nodes. Data extracted from the Blockchain GTIME Server (storage unit).• Proportion factor of generation per hour of PV Salvador, gross demand per hour and actual demand per hour; calculated from the application of the Bialek Method on the simplified model of the SEN in 14 states defined for simulation effects. Data extracted from a fictitious server of the Coordinator (available for this prototype).Then, given all input information, the DApp estimates the electrical losses using the methodological proposal and constructs a supply chain of the physical quantities involved (in [MWH] and [KWH]). Finally, for the purposes of this prototype, contact with the user is achieved through the graphical representation of the projected flow traceability through the "loopback" address available in any web browser; allowing the final customer to be aware of the energy supply in real time. In this way it is possible to achieve, for a given instant of time and in ranges of 20 minutes, an instantaneous supply chain that has two levels of validation in its data of origin (Blockchain GTIME and Ethereum), for use in certificates of production, of consumption and supply chain of "green electricity".
This document takes on the challenge of validating and strengthening Phineal's electricity traceability system through the programming of a smart contract deployed in Ethereum which, thanks to a decentralized application (DApp), facilitates the reproduction of an instantaneous electricity supply chain based on Blockchain GTIME (federated blockchain developed by Phineal). In the traceability problem, the PV Salvador plant is the point of generation, Phineal's office is the point of consumption and a simplified model of the National Electric System (SEN) is the link that allows the incorporation of transport losses between both agents. Using the SEN model, and in accordance with the current regulatory framework in Chile, it was decided to use the Bialek Method with Gross Flows (at the national transmission level) and the Postal Stamping Method (at the zonal transmission and distribution level) to displace the losses to the final customers. In order to achieve on instantaneous and self-executing supply chain, these procedures were included in a fictitious server of the National Electrical Coordinator (simulated database) and in a JavaScript file of the DApp itself, respectively. The DApp, through the smart contract, uses a decentralized web-reading tool called Oraclize to import the input data, preventing it from becoming a trusted intermediary. In this way, the data requested by the smart contract to the servers involved in the traceability system are:• Plant injection and final customer consumption; measured by Phineal's phiNet and phiNergy nodes. Data extracted from the Blockchain GTIME Server (storage unit).• Proportion factor of generation per hour of PV Salvador, gross demand per hour and actual demand per hour; calculated from the application of the Bialek Method on the simplified model of the SEN in 14 states defined for simulation effects. Data extracted from a fictitious server of the Coordinator (available for this prototype).Then, given all input information, the DApp estimates the electrical losses using the methodological proposal and constructs a supply chain of the physical quantities involved (in [MWH] and [KWH]). Finally, for the purposes of this prototype, contact with the user is achieved through the graphical representation of the projected flow traceability through the "loopback" address available in any web browser; allowing the final customer to be aware of the energy supply in real time. In this way it is possible to achieve, for a given instant of time and in ranges of 20 minutes, an instantaneous supply chain that has two levels of validation in its data of origin (Blockchain GTIME and Ethereum), for use in certificates of production, of consumption and supply chain of "green electricity".
Description
Catalogado desde la version PDF de la tesis.
Keywords
BLOCKCHAIN , ETHEREUM , SISTEMA DE TRAZABILIDAD DE ENERGIA ELECTRICA , SMART CONTRACT