Thesis LIXIVIACIÓN CIANURADA DE MINERAL DE ORO EN COLUMNAS A NIVEL DE PLANTA PILOTO
Date
2019-05
Authors
POBLETE PALMA, RICARDO ANTONIO
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Abstract
En la actualidad, Minera Pullalli Ltda. (MPL), ubicada en La Ligua, Provincia de Petorca, V Región, posee una mina subterránea de mineral oro. El mineral extraído desde la faena minera ingresa a un proceso de chancado para reducir su tamaño, cuyo producto alimenta a una etapa de molienda de bolas y clasificación por hidrociclones. En el molino, se agrega el mineral chancado, el agua y los reactivos necesarios para conducir el mineral con una liberación adecuada, a la etapa de lixiviación por agitación en estanques, donde se producen reacciones físicos y químicas, que permiten la disolución de las partículas auríferas. Para recuperar el complejo cianuro-oro, la pulpa de lixiviación se transporta a otros estanques en los que se agrega el carbón activado, que tiene la propiedad de adsorber el oro, retirándolo del material estéril. El material estéril se acumula en un depósito de relaves que cumple con las regulaciones ambientales y técnicas. El oro adsorbido en el carbón activado forma parte de otros procesos metalúrgicos para su recuperación y refinación.
A través de esta memoria de título se desea evaluar la tecnología de lixiviación en pilas del mineral de oro de menor ley, mediante ensayos de lixiviación en columnas a nivel de planta piloto, para determinar las condiciones óptimas de las principales variables (consumo estándar de cianuro de sodio, permeabilidad líquida, tasa de riego, entre otras) que permitan la máxima extracción de oro. Con las variables optimizadas se realizarán estudios de cinética de lixiviación, con alturas de columnas variables, para determinar el efecto de la compresión del lecho sobre la extracción de oro, de manera de determinar la altura óptima de pila de lixiviación.
Currently, Minera Pullalli Ltda. (MPL), located in La Ligua, Petorca Province, Region V, has an underground mine of gold ore. The ore extracted from the mining site enters a crushing process to reduce its size, whose product feeds a stage of grinding balls and classification by hydrocyclones. In the mill, the crushed ore, water and reagents necessary to conduct the mineral with an adequate release are added to the stage of leaching by agitation in ponds, where physical and chemical reactions occur, which allow the dissolution of the particles auriferous To recover the cyanide-gold complex, the leaching pulp is transported to other ponds where activated carbon is added, which has the property of adsorbing the gold, removing it from the sterile material. Sterile material accumulates in a tailings tank that complies with environmental and technical regulations. Gold adsorbed on activated carbon is part of other metallurgical processes for recovery and refining. Through this title report, it is desired to evaluate the heap leach technology of the lower grade gold ore, by means of leaching tests in columns at the pilot plant level, to determine the optimal conditions of the main variables (standard cyanide consumption). of sodium, liquid permeability, irrigation rate, among others) that allow the maximum extraction of gold. With the optimized variables, leaching kinetics studies will be carried out, with varying column heights, to determine the effect of bed compression on gold extraction, in order to determine the optimum leaching pile height.
Currently, Minera Pullalli Ltda. (MPL), located in La Ligua, Petorca Province, Region V, has an underground mine of gold ore. The ore extracted from the mining site enters a crushing process to reduce its size, whose product feeds a stage of grinding balls and classification by hydrocyclones. In the mill, the crushed ore, water and reagents necessary to conduct the mineral with an adequate release are added to the stage of leaching by agitation in ponds, where physical and chemical reactions occur, which allow the dissolution of the particles auriferous To recover the cyanide-gold complex, the leaching pulp is transported to other ponds where activated carbon is added, which has the property of adsorbing the gold, removing it from the sterile material. Sterile material accumulates in a tailings tank that complies with environmental and technical regulations. Gold adsorbed on activated carbon is part of other metallurgical processes for recovery and refining. Through this title report, it is desired to evaluate the heap leach technology of the lower grade gold ore, by means of leaching tests in columns at the pilot plant level, to determine the optimal conditions of the main variables (standard cyanide consumption). of sodium, liquid permeability, irrigation rate, among others) that allow the maximum extraction of gold. With the optimized variables, leaching kinetics studies will be carried out, with varying column heights, to determine the effect of bed compression on gold extraction, in order to determine the optimum leaching pile height.
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Keywords
LIXIVIACION , MINAS Y RECURSOS MINERALES , EXPLOTACION MINERA