Publication: FACTIBILIDAD TÉCNICA-ECONÓMICA PARA EVALUAR LA IMPLEMENTACIÓN DE UN SEPARADOR CENTRÍFUGO EN EL AREA DE FILTRACIÓN DE PLANTA CERVECERA CCU TEMUCO
Loading...
Date
2019
Authors
VALDÉS LÓPEZ, NICOLÁS IGNACIO
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Abstract
Debido a la competitividad y las exigencias que presenta el mundo empresarial en la actualidad, las industrias se hallan en la búsqueda continua de herramientas, desarrollos y mejoras que permitan optimizar sus procesos productivos; es decir, que conlleven a generar una mayor cantidad de producto de interés con respecto a las materias primas y los recursos que se utilizaron para la realización de los mismos.En el proceso de elaboración de cerveza, posterior a la operación de fermentación, la cerveza debe ser clarificada, lo que implica la separación de la fase sólida o levaduras de la fase líquida. Para esto la cerveza pasa a través de filtros de tierras diatomeas a fin de alcanzar los estándares necesarios de claridad y brillo. Sin embargo, esta clarificación es un proceso extremadamente lento y no satisface las necesidades de la industria de obtener resultados más rápidos y controlables.Los separadores centrífugos permiten reducir considerablemente la cantidad de diatomeas utilizadas en el área de filtración de cervezas, explotando al máximo la capacidad de los filtros, ahorrando tiempo y dinero. Se propone disminuir los tiempos de ciclos de filtración del proceso CCU en el Filtro de tierras Kieselguhr, implementando un separador centrifugo en el proceso, sin que la calidad de la cerveza se vea afectada, disminuyendo los costos de producción del producto final y de paso brindar una ayuda al medio ambiente.El proceso de separar sustancias de diferente densidad mediante movimiento giratorio a alta velocidad se conoce como centrifugación. Esta separación está basada en la teoría de la sedimentación (Ley de Stokes), en la cual se establecen los aspectos del movimiento de un sólido en un líquido cuando existe un gradiente de densidad, movimiento que puede ser causado por la fuerza gravitacional o por una fuerza centrífuga.Para poder llevar a cabo todas estas mejoras, se realizaron en primera instancia caracterizaciones físico química de las cervezas CCU para obtener así parámetros como densidad y viscosidad de los caldos madres, tamaño de partícula, entre otras variables; esto combinado con la teoría de centrifugación se pueden obtener los parámetros Sigmas característicos de la cerveza CCU y para cada caldo madre, de esta forma se puede encontrar la centrifuga que se adecue al proceso en cuestión.Del análisis económico desarrollado se obtuvieron los indicadores económicos del proyecto; donde para el caso base se proyecta un valor actual neto (VAN) de 8000 UF, tasa interna de retorno (TIR) de un 31%, Payback de 5 años y un ahorro de 750 horas de proceso al año, todo esto evaluado en un horizonte temporal de 10 años.
Due to the competitiveness and the demands that the business world presents today, the industries are in the continuous search for tools, developments and improvements that allow optimizing their production processes; that is, that lead to generate a greater amount of product of interest with respect to raw materials and resources that were used for the realization of them.The production of beer, like many productive processes, requires the efficient use of energy, inputs and process times; as in any industrial field, these variables are very relevant, the amount of fuel used, the electric power consumption, thermal energy consumption and the time of the process cycles have a negative impact on the cost of production and on the environment.In the brewing process, after the fermentation operation, the beer must be clarified, which involves the separation of the solid phase or yeasts from the liquid phase. For this the beer passes through diatomaceous soil filters in order to reach the necessary standards of clarity and brightness. However, this clarification is an extremely slow process and does not meet the needs of the industry for faster and more controllable results.The process of separating substances of different density by rotating movement at high speed is known as centrifugation. This separation is based on the theory of sedimentation (Stokes' Law), in which aspects of the movement of a solid in a liquid are established when there is a density gradient, movement that can be caused by gravitational force or by a centrifugal force.The centrifugal separators allow to considerably reduce the amount of diatoms used in the filtration area of beers, exploiting the capacity of the filters to the maximum, saving time and money. In order to carry out all these improvements, physic chemical characterizations of the CCU beers were carried out in the first instance to obtain parameters such as density of the mother liquors, viscosity of the mother liquors, particle size, among other variables; This combined with the centrifugation theory can obtain the Sigmas characteristics of the CCU beer and for each stock, in this way you can find the centrifuge that suits the process in question.It is proposed to reduce the filtration cycle times of the process in the Kieselguhr soil filter, without affecting the quality of the beer, reducing the production costs of the final product and helping the environment.From the economic analysis developed, the economic indicators of the project were obtained; net present value (NPV) of 8000 UF, internal rate of return (IRR) of 31% and a PAYBACK of 5 years, all evaluated within a time horizon of 10 years.
Due to the competitiveness and the demands that the business world presents today, the industries are in the continuous search for tools, developments and improvements that allow optimizing their production processes; that is, that lead to generate a greater amount of product of interest with respect to raw materials and resources that were used for the realization of them.The production of beer, like many productive processes, requires the efficient use of energy, inputs and process times; as in any industrial field, these variables are very relevant, the amount of fuel used, the electric power consumption, thermal energy consumption and the time of the process cycles have a negative impact on the cost of production and on the environment.In the brewing process, after the fermentation operation, the beer must be clarified, which involves the separation of the solid phase or yeasts from the liquid phase. For this the beer passes through diatomaceous soil filters in order to reach the necessary standards of clarity and brightness. However, this clarification is an extremely slow process and does not meet the needs of the industry for faster and more controllable results.The process of separating substances of different density by rotating movement at high speed is known as centrifugation. This separation is based on the theory of sedimentation (Stokes' Law), in which aspects of the movement of a solid in a liquid are established when there is a density gradient, movement that can be caused by gravitational force or by a centrifugal force.The centrifugal separators allow to considerably reduce the amount of diatoms used in the filtration area of beers, exploiting the capacity of the filters to the maximum, saving time and money. In order to carry out all these improvements, physic chemical characterizations of the CCU beers were carried out in the first instance to obtain parameters such as density of the mother liquors, viscosity of the mother liquors, particle size, among other variables; This combined with the centrifugation theory can obtain the Sigmas characteristics of the CCU beer and for each stock, in this way you can find the centrifuge that suits the process in question.It is proposed to reduce the filtration cycle times of the process in the Kieselguhr soil filter, without affecting the quality of the beer, reducing the production costs of the final product and helping the environment.From the economic analysis developed, the economic indicators of the project were obtained; net present value (NPV) of 8000 UF, internal rate of return (IRR) of 31% and a PAYBACK of 5 years, all evaluated within a time horizon of 10 years.
Description
Catalogado desde la version PDF de la tesis.
Keywords
FILTRACION DE CERVEZAS , FILTRO KIESELGUHR , SEPARADORES CENTRIFUGOS