Publication: CONVERTIDOR DE POTENCIA PSEUDOPARCIAL SIN TRANSFORMADOR PARA ESTACIONES DE CARGA RÁPIDA DE VEHÍCULOS ELÉCTRICOS
Date
2019
Authors
PESÁNTEZ ALVARADO, ALVARO DANIEL
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Abstract
Se puede a firmar que el cambio climático ante el cual hace frente la humanidad
es consecuencia directa de la actividad humana, la principal razón para este
cambio se basa en la alteración de la composición de la atmósfera producto de las
constantes emisiones de gases, como el dióxido de carbono. Se estima que cerca del
80% de este gas, que se encuentra presente en la atmósfera se debe a la quema de
combustibles fósiles.
Uno de los campos en los cuales se están realizando grandes avances con el fi n
de disminuir el uso de los mencionados combustibles esta en la industria automotriz,
con el desarrollo de los autos eléctricos. Motivo de este potencial cambio es
que cada vez es mayor el número de conductores que adoptan el uso de vehículos
eléctricos, aumentando considerablemente su oferta y demanda. Sin embargo, una
de la mayores difi cultades radica en la batería, ya que características de esta como
su capacidad, tiempo de carga, densidad de potencia, vida útil y costo pueden llegar
a ser decisivos en el funcionamiento del auto. De las características de la batería
mencionados tanto el tiempo de carga como la vida útil están directamente relacionados
con el cargador utilizado, por lo tanto la búsqueda de una mejora en las
arquitecturas de carga es igual de importante que la misma batería.
El presente trabajo se centra en el diseño, simulación, construcción y validación
de una nueva con guración de un convertidor DC/DC de potencia parcial ideado
para ser parte de una estación de carga rápida de baterías para autos eléctricos. La
topología propuesta no requiere un transformador de aislación en las tareas de conversión de potencia, por lo que el diseño y operación del convertidor se simplifi ca. El
concepto de potencia parcial permite que el convertidor procese únicamente parte
de la potencia total que se suministra de la red hacia la batería, el resto de dicha potencia
se suministra directamente, esto hace posible obtener algunas ventajas, como
la reducción de pérdidas y una potencial disminución del tamaño de los elementos
pasivos del convertidor, de la misma manera los semiconductores a usarse pueden
tener menor capacidad de potencia.
Este trabajo busca introducir el concepto de potencia parcial, mayormente
usado para aplicaciones fotovoltaicos, en los sistemas de carga de batería de autos
eléctricos.
It can be said that the climate change faced by humanity is a direct consequence of human activity, the main reason for this change is based on the alteration of the composition of the atmosphere produced by the constant emissions of gases, such as carbon dioxide. It is estimated that close to 80% of this gas, which is present in the atmosphere, is due to the burning of fossil fuels. One of the elds in which major advances are being made in order to reduce the use of the aforementioned fuels is in the automotive industry, with the development of electric cars. The reason for this potential change is that every time the number of drivers adopting the use of electric vehicles is greater, increasing considerably the electric vehicle supply and demand. However, one of the greatest di culties lies in the battery, since its characteristics such as its capacity, charging time, power density, useful life and cost can become decisive in the operation of the car. Of the mentioned characteristics of the battery both the charging time and the useful life are directly related to the charger used, therefore the quest for an improvement in the load architectures is just as important as the battery itself. The present work focuses on the design, simulation, construction and validation of a new con guration of a partial power DC/DC converter designed to be part of a fast charging station of batteries for electric cars. The proposed topology does not require an isolation transformer in the power conversion tasks, so the design and operation of the converter is simpli ed. The concept of partial power allows the converter to process only part of the total power that is supplied from the network to the battery, the rest of this power is supplied directly, this makes it possible to obtain some advantages, such as the reduction of losses and a potential decrease in the size of the converter passive elements, in the same way the semiconductors to be used may have lower power capacity. This work introduce the concept of partial power, mostly used for photovoltaic applications, in battery charging systems for electric cars.
It can be said that the climate change faced by humanity is a direct consequence of human activity, the main reason for this change is based on the alteration of the composition of the atmosphere produced by the constant emissions of gases, such as carbon dioxide. It is estimated that close to 80% of this gas, which is present in the atmosphere, is due to the burning of fossil fuels. One of the elds in which major advances are being made in order to reduce the use of the aforementioned fuels is in the automotive industry, with the development of electric cars. The reason for this potential change is that every time the number of drivers adopting the use of electric vehicles is greater, increasing considerably the electric vehicle supply and demand. However, one of the greatest di culties lies in the battery, since its characteristics such as its capacity, charging time, power density, useful life and cost can become decisive in the operation of the car. Of the mentioned characteristics of the battery both the charging time and the useful life are directly related to the charger used, therefore the quest for an improvement in the load architectures is just as important as the battery itself. The present work focuses on the design, simulation, construction and validation of a new con guration of a partial power DC/DC converter designed to be part of a fast charging station of batteries for electric cars. The proposed topology does not require an isolation transformer in the power conversion tasks, so the design and operation of the converter is simpli ed. The concept of partial power allows the converter to process only part of the total power that is supplied from the network to the battery, the rest of this power is supplied directly, this makes it possible to obtain some advantages, such as the reduction of losses and a potential decrease in the size of the converter passive elements, in the same way the semiconductors to be used may have lower power capacity. This work introduce the concept of partial power, mostly used for photovoltaic applications, in battery charging systems for electric cars.
Description
Keywords
VEHICULOS ELECTRICOS , CARGA ELECTRICA , CONVERTIDOR DE POTENCIA PARCIAL