Thesis ESTUDIO EXPERIMENTAL DEL COMPORTAMIENTO CALORIMÉTRICO DE DOS COMBUSTIBLES FORESTALES CHILENOS: PINUS RADIATA Y EUCALYPTUS GLOBULUS
Date
2018
Authors
REDONDO GAETE, RAFAEL JESÚS
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Abstract
A lo largo del presente trabajo se llevará a cabo un estudio experimental que tendrá por objetivoevaluar, utilizando técnicas calorimétricas, el comportamiento de dos combustibles forestales representativosde Chile: Eucalyptus Globulus y el Pinus Radiata, bajo diferentes flujos radiativos y fracciones volumétricasde combustibles con la intención de obtener información pertinente para validar modelos numéricos depropagación de incendios y aprovechamiento energético.En el desarrollo experimental se hace uso del equipo SCALA construido bajo el financiamiento delProyecto Fondecyt N° 1130957 Çaracterización de Combustibles de Biomasa Chilenos utilizando MétodosCalorimétricos", único principalmente por su diversidad de técnicas de diagnóstico y medición. El aparatoSCALA es un calorímetro que en este trabajo se vale de dos métodos para la medición de las tasas deliberación de calor: diferencia de entalpía sensible (SER) y consumo de oxígeno (OC). Además se cuenta condiversos instrumentos de medición, entre los que destacan: cámara de vídeo, termopares, TDLA, reguladoresde voltaje y balanza digital de precisión.Las muestras estudiadas son: acículas de pino de fracción en volumen de 0;036 equivalente a 15gramos; hojas de eucalipto de fracciones en volumen de 0;048, 0;032 y 0;016 equivalentes a 15, 10 y 5 gramos;y ramas de eucalipto de diámetros entre 2 y 9 mm. Las acículas y hojas fueron expuestas a flujos de radiaciónentre 39.5 y 15.9 kW=m2, mientras que las ramas fueron expuesta a una única configuración de 50.3 kW=m2.De estas mediciones se obtendrán los tiempos de ignición, flujos críticos de radiación, tasas de liberación decalor y tasas máximas de liberación de calor. El trabajo es sobre materia seca (5% de rehidratación) y bajo elsupuesto de combustión completa.
Throughout the present work an experimental study will be carried out that will aim to evaluate, usingcalorimetric techniques, the behavior of two forest fuels representative of Chile: Eucalyptus Globulus andPinus Radiata, under dierent radiation fluxes and volumetric fractions of fuels with the intention of obtainingpertinent information to validate numerical models of fire propagation and energy use.In the experimental development, SCALA equipment is used, which was built under the financing ofthe Fondecyt Project No. 1130957 Çharacterization of Chilean Biomass Fuels using Calorimetric Methods",unique mainly due to its diversity of diagnostic and measurement techniques. The SCALA device is acalorimeter that in this work uses two methods for measuring the rates of heat release: sensitive enthalpydierence (SER) and oxygen consumption (OC). It also has various measuring instruments, among whichare: video camera, thermocouples, TDLA, voltage regulators and precision digital balance.The samples studied are: pine needles of volume fractions of 0;036 equivalent to 15 grams; eucalyptusleaves of volume fractions of 0;048, 0;032 and 0;016 equivalent to 15, 10 and 5 grams; and eucalyptusbranches with diameters between 2 and 9 mm. The needles and leaves were exposed to radiation flowsbetween 39.5 and 15.9 kW=m2, while the branches were exposed to a single configuration of 50.3 kW=m2.From these measurements will be obtained ignition times, critical radiation flows, heat release rates andpeaks heat release rate. The work is on dry matter (5% rehydration) and under the assumption of completecombustion.
Throughout the present work an experimental study will be carried out that will aim to evaluate, usingcalorimetric techniques, the behavior of two forest fuels representative of Chile: Eucalyptus Globulus andPinus Radiata, under dierent radiation fluxes and volumetric fractions of fuels with the intention of obtainingpertinent information to validate numerical models of fire propagation and energy use.In the experimental development, SCALA equipment is used, which was built under the financing ofthe Fondecyt Project No. 1130957 Çharacterization of Chilean Biomass Fuels using Calorimetric Methods",unique mainly due to its diversity of diagnostic and measurement techniques. The SCALA device is acalorimeter that in this work uses two methods for measuring the rates of heat release: sensitive enthalpydierence (SER) and oxygen consumption (OC). It also has various measuring instruments, among whichare: video camera, thermocouples, TDLA, voltage regulators and precision digital balance.The samples studied are: pine needles of volume fractions of 0;036 equivalent to 15 grams; eucalyptusleaves of volume fractions of 0;048, 0;032 and 0;016 equivalent to 15, 10 and 5 grams; and eucalyptusbranches with diameters between 2 and 9 mm. The needles and leaves were exposed to radiation flowsbetween 39.5 and 15.9 kW=m2, while the branches were exposed to a single configuration of 50.3 kW=m2.From these measurements will be obtained ignition times, critical radiation flows, heat release rates andpeaks heat release rate. The work is on dry matter (5% rehydration) and under the assumption of completecombustion.
Description
Catalogado desde la version PDF de la tesis.
Keywords
EUCALYPTUS GLOBULUS , FLUJO DE RADIACION CRITICO , PINUS RADIATA , SCALA , TASA DE LIBERACION DE CALOR , TASA MAXIMA DE LIBERACION DE CALOR , TIEMPO DE IGNICION