Publication: CONSTRUCCIÓN , IMPLEMENTACIÓN Y COMPARACIÓN DE METODOLOGÍA SECUENCIAL Y DE CO-OPTIMIZACIÓN DE ENERGÍA Y RESERVAS EN PREDESPACHO DEL SISTEMA ELÉCTRICO NACIONAL
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Date
2018-08
Authors
FERNÁNDEZ MARÍN, NICOLÁS ANDRÉS
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Abstract
De acuerdo al contexto nacional, a partir de lo indicado en el artículo 72° -7 de la nueva Ley de Transmisión (Ley 20.936) publicada en Julio del año 2016. Se establece la posibilidad de instaurar un nuevo mercado de subastas para algunos servicios complementarios (como el control de frecuencia), en función de las condiciones de competencia que puedan producirse. Esto supone un problema para los métodos que hoy en día se utilizan para definir el predespacho de unidades generadoras en el SEN. Debido a que actualmente se resuelve considerando únicamente el mercado de energía y la necesidad de reserva se anexa solo como una restricción operativa, sin asignarle precio o valor económico a este recurso, el cual se valoriza en un proceso posterior al intercambio energético para definir las remuneraciones respectivas. Por lo tanto, las unidades que proveen reserva son seleccionadas exclusivamente por criterios técnicos sin incentivos económicos para brindar este servicio. De acuerdo a lo anterior, es que surge la necesidad de modificar la metodología actual de forma que posibilite la resolución del predespacho considerando los dos esquemas de mercado: mercado de reserva en base a ofertas y mercado de energía en base a costos declarados. Para hacer esto existen dos metodologías principalmente utilizadas por los sistemas dentro del mundo, la metodología secuencial y la co-optimización. En la presente memoria se desarrollan y evalúan ambas metodologías, con el fin de determinar aquella que permita obtener los mayores beneficios técnicos y económicos en ambos mercados. Para lograrlo, se configura cada metodología utilizando el software PLEXOS y una rutina macro construida en Visual Basic, las que se implementan en el Sistema Eléctrico Nacional. Se confecciona además, 13 casos de estudio correspondientes a 6 sensibilidades de un escenario base, considerando la operación del sistema proyectada al año 2021. Con cada una de estas sensibilidades se analiza la factibilidad de añadir aspectos adicionales en el mercado de reserva, y determinar el impacto de la correcta definición del precio de oferta de cada tecnología de generación, en el costo total del sistema. Se presentan los resultados y el análisis de las variables de interés de cada caso de estudio, estableciendo criterios técnicos y económicos, en donde se compara paralelamente las ventajas de resolución de ambas metodologías y los beneficios que aporta cada sensibilidad respecto al escenario base.
In accordance with the national context, based on what is indicated in the article 72°-7 of the new Ley de Transmisión (Ley 20.936 ) published in July of 2016. The possibility of creating a new auction market for some ancillary services is established (such as frequency control), based on the conditions of market competition that may occur. This is a problem for the methods that are used today to define the unit commitment in the SEN, because it is currently resolved considering only the market of energy and the requirements of reserve are attached only as a operational restriction, without defining price or economic value to this resource, which is valorized in a process subsequent to the energy exchange to define the respective payments. Therefore, the units that provide reserve are selected only for technical criteria without having economic incentives to provide this service. According to the points mentioned above, there is a need to modify the current methodology in order to enable the resolution of the unit commitment considering the two market schemes: reserve market based on offers and energy market based on declared costs. To do this, there are two methodologies mainly used by systems in the world, sequential methodology and co-optimization. In this report, both methodologies are developed and evaluated, in order to determine the one that allows obtaining the greatest technical and economic benefits in both markets. To achieve this, each methodology is configured using the software PLEXOS and a macro rutine constructed in Visual Basic, which are implemented in the Sistema Eléctrico Nacional (SEN). In addition, 13 study cases corresponding to 6 sensibilities of a base scenario are prepared, considering the operation of the system projected to the year 2021. With each of these sensibilities, the feasibility of adding additional aspects to the reserve market is analyzed, and together with this, determining the impact of the correct definition of the offer price of each generation technology, on the total cost of the system.
In accordance with the national context, based on what is indicated in the article 72°-7 of the new Ley de Transmisión (Ley 20.936 ) published in July of 2016. The possibility of creating a new auction market for some ancillary services is established (such as frequency control), based on the conditions of market competition that may occur. This is a problem for the methods that are used today to define the unit commitment in the SEN, because it is currently resolved considering only the market of energy and the requirements of reserve are attached only as a operational restriction, without defining price or economic value to this resource, which is valorized in a process subsequent to the energy exchange to define the respective payments. Therefore, the units that provide reserve are selected only for technical criteria without having economic incentives to provide this service. According to the points mentioned above, there is a need to modify the current methodology in order to enable the resolution of the unit commitment considering the two market schemes: reserve market based on offers and energy market based on declared costs. To do this, there are two methodologies mainly used by systems in the world, sequential methodology and co-optimization. In this report, both methodologies are developed and evaluated, in order to determine the one that allows obtaining the greatest technical and economic benefits in both markets. To achieve this, each methodology is configured using the software PLEXOS and a macro rutine constructed in Visual Basic, which are implemented in the Sistema Eléctrico Nacional (SEN). In addition, 13 study cases corresponding to 6 sensibilities of a base scenario are prepared, considering the operation of the system projected to the year 2021. With each of these sensibilities, the feasibility of adding additional aspects to the reserve market is analyzed, and together with this, determining the impact of the correct definition of the offer price of each generation technology, on the total cost of the system.
Description
Catalogado desde la version PDF de la tesis.
Keywords
CONTROL DE FRECUENCIA , COSTO DE OPORTUNIDAD , MERCADO DE RESERVA , SISTEMA ELECTRICO NACIONAL