Thesis ANÁLISIS DE ROMPIMIENTO DE PRESAS APLICADO AL EMBALSE EL QUILLAY, RÍO COMBARBALÁ
Date
2018
Authors
RODRIGUEZ URREA, FRANCISCO JAVIER
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Abstract
Las presas son obras de ingeniería de gran importancia para el desarrollo de la sociedad, su construcción implica la inversión de grandes sumas de dinero, recursos naturales y trabajo humano. Cuando una presa falla, la liberación repentina de grandes volúmenes de agua embalsada presenta un peligro en potencia para tanto vidas humanas y bienes en las zonas afectas a inundación.Desafortunadamente, a lo largo de la historia las fallas de presas no han sido pocas y tampoco el número de vidas cobradas por estos eventos. Debido a esto, ante la posibilidad de una falla, se hace necesaria la estimación de las zonas de inundación y zonas seguras para el desarrollo de planes de emergencia que posibiliten la mitigación de posibles riesgos. La modelación de la ruptura de una presa es fundamental para este cometido, siendo las fallas por rebalse y erosión interna los modos de falla más frecuentes.La presente memoria se divide en 5 capítulos: El primero corresponde a una introducción con los objetivos de la misma, luego en el capítulo 2 se incluye una investigación bibliográfica referente al tema de rompimiento de presas en general. Se comienza describiendo los principales tipos de presas junto con estadísticas de fallas históricas. También se detallan los principales modos de falla, aquellos que son posibles modelar y cómo es posible estimar una potencial crecida ocasionada por la rotura.El capítulo 3 corresponde a la aplicación de los métodos investigados en el capítulo precedente a un caso en particular, correspondiente al embalse Quillay, proyectado para construirse en la IV región del país, a unos 15 kilómetros hacia la cordillera desde la ciudad de Combarbalá. El embalse Quillay corresponde a una presa de relleno rocoso con revestimiento de hormigón (CFRD). Se exponen los resultados de los diferentes métodos investigados en capítulo 2 y se discute su validez al aplicarse a una presa de características constructivas como el Quillay.El cuarto capítulo es resultado de la pregunta anterior y corresponde al desarrollo de un modelo propuesto por el autor, basado en la modelación según principios mecanicistas del proceso de rotura. Con éste modelo se pretende estimar la crecida ocasionada por la rotura de una presa CFRD sin utilizar parámetros de entrada dependientes de regresiones estadísticas de fallas pasadas. Finalmente se presentan los resultados de la modelación y se concluye sobre temas específicos de la memoria en el capítulo 5.
Dams are engineering works of great importance for society and its development. Their construction conveys the investment of often enormous amounts of money, work and natural resources. When a dam fails, the sudden release of great volumes of impounded water becomes a potential hazard for both human lives and properties on the downstream areas prone to flooding.Unfortunately, in recorded history dam failures haven’t been few and neither has been the amount of lives lost due to these catastrophic events. Because of this, proper estimation of both safe and flood-prone zones is needed for the development of emergency plans that may allow the mitigation of possible risks. Modelling of the breaching process in a dam is key for this matter, with overtopping and piping failures being the most common mechanisms.The thesis is organized in 5 chapters: The first one is an introduction which lists the objectives of the thesis, the following chapter 2 shows a bibliographical research regarding the subject of dam breaking. It begins by describing the main types of dams and shows statistics of past failure events. The main failure modes are detailed here and it is specified which ones of them can be modelled and it is shown how to estimate the potential discharge due to a failure.In chapter 3, the methods found in the previous research are applied to a specific case which is the “Embalse Quillay”, which is a dam projected to be built in the 4th region of Chile, 15 kilometers towards the Andes mountain range from the town of Combarbalá. The dam is projected as a concrete faced rock-fill dam (CFRD). The results of applying the methods of chapter 2 are shown and the validity of them is questioned due to the underlying assumptions made.In the fourth chapter a dam-breaking model developed by the author is presented. The model is tailored CFRD dams and follows physical principles to estimate the breaching process. The model doesn’t require the input of common breaching parameters that are typically obtained from past failure statistics. Finally, the results are shown along with conclusions about specific topics on chapter 5.
Dams are engineering works of great importance for society and its development. Their construction conveys the investment of often enormous amounts of money, work and natural resources. When a dam fails, the sudden release of great volumes of impounded water becomes a potential hazard for both human lives and properties on the downstream areas prone to flooding.Unfortunately, in recorded history dam failures haven’t been few and neither has been the amount of lives lost due to these catastrophic events. Because of this, proper estimation of both safe and flood-prone zones is needed for the development of emergency plans that may allow the mitigation of possible risks. Modelling of the breaching process in a dam is key for this matter, with overtopping and piping failures being the most common mechanisms.The thesis is organized in 5 chapters: The first one is an introduction which lists the objectives of the thesis, the following chapter 2 shows a bibliographical research regarding the subject of dam breaking. It begins by describing the main types of dams and shows statistics of past failure events. The main failure modes are detailed here and it is specified which ones of them can be modelled and it is shown how to estimate the potential discharge due to a failure.In chapter 3, the methods found in the previous research are applied to a specific case which is the “Embalse Quillay”, which is a dam projected to be built in the 4th region of Chile, 15 kilometers towards the Andes mountain range from the town of Combarbalá. The dam is projected as a concrete faced rock-fill dam (CFRD). The results of applying the methods of chapter 2 are shown and the validity of them is questioned due to the underlying assumptions made.In the fourth chapter a dam-breaking model developed by the author is presented. The model is tailored CFRD dams and follows physical principles to estimate the breaching process. The model doesn’t require the input of common breaching parameters that are typically obtained from past failure statistics. Finally, the results are shown along with conclusions about specific topics on chapter 5.
Description
Catalogado desde la version PDF de la tesis.
Keywords
EMBALSE , REPRESAS , ROMPIMIENTO DE PRESAS