Thesis DESARROLLO DE INTERCAMBIADOR DE CALOR AGUA-AIRE DE APOYO A OPERACIÓN NOCTURNA DE DESHIDRATADORES SOLARES
Date
2016
Authors
PACHECO FUENTES, CRISTIAN ALBERTO
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Abstract
El principal objetivo es contar con un equipo de intercambio de calor que aporte energía al aire en un proceso de deshidratación en horarios de baja radiación, reemplazando la utilización de gas, teniendo como opciones la energía eléctrica, combustión de biomasa y la instalación de un intercambiador de aire-agua caliente solar.La deshidratación de este caso es a partir de un flujo de aire forzado, que es calentado gracias a la radiación solar mediante un techo solar activo, tecnología incorporada por el Centro de Innovación Energética.Toda opción de reemplazo debe cumplir con el mismo aporte energético y con ello el mismo caudal volumétrico de aire, que en este caso se va variando desde los 3.500 [m3/h] hasta los 17.700 [m3/h], para una carga máxima de 5000 [kg] diarias de material, respectivamente.El escenario establecido es el secado de nueces que se realiza en los meses de marzo y abril, por turnos de ocho horas diarias, a partir de un techo solar activo de 250 [m2] de superficie.Luego de realizar el respectivo estudio en el diseño y cálculo de costos en cada opción, se determina que la utilización de un intercambiador de calor agua-aire es el escenario más rentable, según indicadores económicos, teniendo que realizar una inversión de 21 millones de pesos y que cuenta con el menor tiempo de devolución de la inversión.En general la rentabilidad del reemplazo de gas aumenta junto con el tiempo de operación de secado, ya que al procesar material una mayor cantidad de meses al año, existe mayor ahorro de gas, mayores ingresos de producción e implica la misma inversión en otras opciones.
The principal aim is to rely on an equipment of heat exchange that it should contribute energy to the air in a process of dehydration in schedules of low radiation, replacing the gas utilization, taking as options the electric power, combustion of biomass and the installation of an interchange of warm solar air - water.The dehydration of this case is from a forced air flow, which is warmed thanks to the solar radiation by means of a solar active ceiling, technology incorporated by the Center of Energetic Innovation.Any option of replacement must expire with the same energetic contribution and with it the same volumetric flow of air, which in this case is changed from the 3.500 [m3/h] up to the 17.700 [m3/h], for a maximum load of 5000 [kg] daily of material, respectively.The established scene is the dried one of nuts that is realized in March and April, for shifts of eight daily hours, from a solar active ceiling of 250 [m2] of surface. After realizing the respective study in the design and calculation of costs in every option, one determines that the utilization of a heat interchanger is the most profitable scene, per economic indicators, and that possesses the minor time of return of the investment.In general, the profitability of the gas replacement increases together with the time of operation of dried, since when material processes a major quantity from months to the year, it exists major saving of gas, major income of production and involves the same investment in other options.
The principal aim is to rely on an equipment of heat exchange that it should contribute energy to the air in a process of dehydration in schedules of low radiation, replacing the gas utilization, taking as options the electric power, combustion of biomass and the installation of an interchange of warm solar air - water.The dehydration of this case is from a forced air flow, which is warmed thanks to the solar radiation by means of a solar active ceiling, technology incorporated by the Center of Energetic Innovation.Any option of replacement must expire with the same energetic contribution and with it the same volumetric flow of air, which in this case is changed from the 3.500 [m3/h] up to the 17.700 [m3/h], for a maximum load of 5000 [kg] daily of material, respectively.The established scene is the dried one of nuts that is realized in March and April, for shifts of eight daily hours, from a solar active ceiling of 250 [m2] of surface. After realizing the respective study in the design and calculation of costs in every option, one determines that the utilization of a heat interchanger is the most profitable scene, per economic indicators, and that possesses the minor time of return of the investment.In general, the profitability of the gas replacement increases together with the time of operation of dried, since when material processes a major quantity from months to the year, it exists major saving of gas, major income of production and involves the same investment in other options.
Description
Catalogado desde la version PDF de la tesis.
Keywords
COMPARACION DE APORTE ENERGETICO , DESHIDRATADORES SOLARES , INTERCAMBIADOR AGUA-AIRE