Thesis CARACTERIZACIÓN DE HORMIGONES REFORZADOS CON CUANTÍAS BAJAS DE FIBRAS SINTÉTICAS.
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Date
2017
Authors
HERRERA OLIVARES, ÁLVARO IGNACIO
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Abstract
En la actualidad, se entiende que los Hormigones de Cemento Portland son materiales que pueden adoptar diferentes tipos de formas, además tienen un muy buen comportamiento a la compresión debido a sus propiedades soportantes. Por otro lado, las estructuras de hormigón se consideran como elementos muy rígidos, este grado de rigidez provoca que sea un material frágil debido a la baja resistencia que poseen a la tracción.Es por tanto que se genera la necesidad de buscar nuevas tecnologías que al incorporarse al hormigón mejoren sus propiedades. En efecto, la idea es mejorar sus capacidades soportantes y a su vez mejorar el comportamiento de otros tipos de esfuerzos como a la tracción y flexión. El propósito de todo esto es generar elementos de hormigón al menor valor posible, permitiendo abaratar costos en la elaboración de proyectos sin descuidar la calidad de estos.Dentro de estas nuevas tecnologías se encuentra el Hormigón Reforzado con Fibras (HRF) que incorpora fibras a la mezcla de hormigón. El trabajo de las fibras es el de imitar el comportamiento de la armadura en acero, por lo tanto, va a generar que el hormigón tenga un mejor comportamiento ante los esfuerzos de Flexotracción debido a que la fibra genera una resistencia residual que es la que se contrapone a los esfuerzos a los que está siendo sometido el hormigón.El principal objetivo de los hormigones con adiciones de fibra es mejorar el comportamiento post fisuracion ya que la fibras absorben un porcentaje de la energía, a la cual se expone el hormigón, generando una resistencia residual que permite al hormigón aguantar mayores deformaciones y, mejorando el desempeño en comparación a hormigones sin refuerzos de fibra.El objetivo de esta memoria es “Caracterizar las propiedades de hormigones con bajas cuantías de fibras sintéticas”. Para cumplir este objetivo se moldearán probetas para determinar la Tenacidad y Resistencias Residuales según los procedimientos expuestos en las normas EN 14651 y ASTM C 1609. Esta investigación se enmarca en el desarrollo del Proyecto Fondecyt N°1150881.Los resultados obtenidos para la norma ASTM C1609 son los siguientes:- La Carga en L/600 máxima es de 11,530 [KN], la mínima es de 6,884 [KN] y Promedio 9,349 [KN].- La Carga en L/150 máxima es de 15,466 [KN], la mínima es de 7,410 [KN] y Promedio 10,748 [KN].- La Resistencia Residual en L/600 máxima es de 1,537 [MPa], la mínima es de 0,918 [MPa] y Promedio 1,247 [MPa].- La Resistencia Residual en L/150 máxima es de 2,062 [MPa], la mínima es de 0,988 [MPa] y Promedio 1,433 [MPa].- La Tenacidad en L/150 máxima es de 38,577 [Joule], la mínima es de 21,341 [Joule] y Promedio 29,673 [Joule].- La Resistencia Residual Equivalente [RDT150] máxima es de 1,715 [MPa], la mínima es de 0,983 [MPa] y Promedio 1,319 [MPa]Finalmente los resultados de la norma europea son los siguientes:- La Carga con un CMOD 0,5 [mm] máxima es de 5,021 [KN], la mínima es de 2,156 [KN] y Promedio 3,762 [KN].- La Carga con un CMOD 1,5 [mm] máxima es de 5,183 [KN], la mínima es de 2,495 [KN] y Promedio 3,910 [KN].- La Carga con un CMOD 2,5 [mm] máxima es de 5,655 [KN], la mínima es de 2,849 [KN] y Promedio 4,202 [KN].- La Carga con un CMOD 3,5 [mm] máxima es de 5,869 [KN], la mínima es de 2,844 [KN] y Promedio 4,310 [KN].- La Resistencia Residual con un CMOD 0,5 [mm] máxima es de 1,607 [MPa], la mínima es de 0,690 [MPa] y Promedio 1,204 [MPa].- La Resistencia Residual con un CMOD 1,5 [mm] máxima es de 1,659 [MPa], la mínima es de 0,798 [MPa] y Promedio 1,251 [MPa].- La Resistencia Residual con un CMOD 2,5 [mm] máxima es de 1,810 [MPa], la mínima es de 0,912 [MPa] y Promedio 1,345 [MPa].- La Resistencia Residual con un CMOD 3,5 [mm] máxima es de 1,878 [MPa], la mínima es de 0,910 [MPa] y Promedio 1,379 [MPa].
At present, it is understood that Portland cement concretes are materials that can adopt different types of forms, in addition they have a good behavior to the compression due to its supporting properties. On the other hand, concrete structures are considered as very rigid elements, this degree of rigidity causes the sea a fragile material due to the low resistance that have a traction.It is therefore the need to seek new technologies that incorporate concrete to improve their properties. In effect, the idea is to improve their supporting capacities and in turn improve the behavior of other types of efforts such as traction and flexion. The purpose of all this is to generate concrete elements at the lowest possible value, allow the costs in the preparation of projects without neglecting the quality of these.Within these new technologies is Reinforced Concrete with Fibers (HRF) that incorporates the fibers into the concrete mix. The work of the fibers is to imitate the behavior of the reinforcement in steel, therefore, a generator goes that the concrete has a better behavior before the bending stresses because the fiber generates a residual resistance that is the one that is It counteracts the stress to which the concrete is being subjected.The main objective of the concrete with additions of the fiber is to improve the behavior after the cracking since the fibers absorb a percentage of the power, to which the concrete is exposed, generating a residual resistance that allows the concrete to withstand greater deformations and, Improving performance compared to non-fiber reinforced concrete.The purpose of this report is to "Characterize the properties of concretes with lows and amounts of synthetic fibers". To meet this objective, test pieces are molded to determine Tenacity and Residual Resistance according to the procedures set out in standards EN 14651 and ASTM C 1609. This research is part of the development of the Fondecyt project N ° 1150881.The results obtained for ASTM C1609 are as follows:- The Load in L / 600 is 11,530 [KN], the minimum is 6,884 [KN] and Average 9,349 [KN].- The load in L / 150 maximum is 15,466 [KN], the minimum load is 7,410 [KN] and Average 10,748 [KN].- The Residual Strength at L / 600 is 1.537 [MPa], the minimum is 0.918 [MPa] and Average 1.247 [MPa].- The Residual Strength in L / 150 is maximum of 2,062 [MPa], the minimum is of 0.988 [MPa] and Average 1,433 [MPa].- The tenacity in L / 150 maximum is 38,577 [Joule], the minimum is 21,341 [Joule] and Average 29,673 [Joule].- Maximum Residential Resistance [RDT150] is 1,715 [MPa], the minimum is 0.983 [MPa] and Average 1,319 [MPa]Finally, the results of the European standard are as follows:- The Load with a CMOD of 0.5 [mm] maximum is 5,021 [KN], the minimum is 2,156 [KN] and Average of 3,762 [KN].- The Load with a maximum CMOD 1.5 [mm] is 5.183 [KN], the minimum is 2.495 [KN] and Average 3.910 [KN].- The Load with a maximum CMOD 2,5 [mm] is 5,655 [KN], the minimum is 2,849 [KN] and Average 4,202 [KN].- The Load with a maximum CMOD 3,5 [mm] is 5,869 [KN], the minimum is 2,844 [KN] and Average 4,310 [KN].- Residual Resistance with a CMOD of 0.5 [mm] maximum is 1.607 [MPa], the minimum is 0.690 [MPa] and Average 1.204 [MPa].- Residual Resistance with a maximum CMOD 1.5 [mm] is 1.659 [MPa], the minimum is 0.798 [MPa] and Average 1.251 [MPa].- Residual Strength with a maximum CMOD 2,5 [mm] is 1,810 [MPa], the minimum is 0.912 [MPa] and Average 1,345 [MPa].- The Residual Resistance with a maximum CMOD 3.5 [mm] is 1.878 [MPa], the minimum is 0.910 [MPa] and Average 1.379 [MPa].
At present, it is understood that Portland cement concretes are materials that can adopt different types of forms, in addition they have a good behavior to the compression due to its supporting properties. On the other hand, concrete structures are considered as very rigid elements, this degree of rigidity causes the sea a fragile material due to the low resistance that have a traction.It is therefore the need to seek new technologies that incorporate concrete to improve their properties. In effect, the idea is to improve their supporting capacities and in turn improve the behavior of other types of efforts such as traction and flexion. The purpose of all this is to generate concrete elements at the lowest possible value, allow the costs in the preparation of projects without neglecting the quality of these.Within these new technologies is Reinforced Concrete with Fibers (HRF) that incorporates the fibers into the concrete mix. The work of the fibers is to imitate the behavior of the reinforcement in steel, therefore, a generator goes that the concrete has a better behavior before the bending stresses because the fiber generates a residual resistance that is the one that is It counteracts the stress to which the concrete is being subjected.The main objective of the concrete with additions of the fiber is to improve the behavior after the cracking since the fibers absorb a percentage of the power, to which the concrete is exposed, generating a residual resistance that allows the concrete to withstand greater deformations and, Improving performance compared to non-fiber reinforced concrete.The purpose of this report is to "Characterize the properties of concretes with lows and amounts of synthetic fibers". To meet this objective, test pieces are molded to determine Tenacity and Residual Resistance according to the procedures set out in standards EN 14651 and ASTM C 1609. This research is part of the development of the Fondecyt project N ° 1150881.The results obtained for ASTM C1609 are as follows:- The Load in L / 600 is 11,530 [KN], the minimum is 6,884 [KN] and Average 9,349 [KN].- The load in L / 150 maximum is 15,466 [KN], the minimum load is 7,410 [KN] and Average 10,748 [KN].- The Residual Strength at L / 600 is 1.537 [MPa], the minimum is 0.918 [MPa] and Average 1.247 [MPa].- The Residual Strength in L / 150 is maximum of 2,062 [MPa], the minimum is of 0.988 [MPa] and Average 1,433 [MPa].- The tenacity in L / 150 maximum is 38,577 [Joule], the minimum is 21,341 [Joule] and Average 29,673 [Joule].- Maximum Residential Resistance [RDT150] is 1,715 [MPa], the minimum is 0.983 [MPa] and Average 1,319 [MPa]Finally, the results of the European standard are as follows:- The Load with a CMOD of 0.5 [mm] maximum is 5,021 [KN], the minimum is 2,156 [KN] and Average of 3,762 [KN].- The Load with a maximum CMOD 1.5 [mm] is 5.183 [KN], the minimum is 2.495 [KN] and Average 3.910 [KN].- The Load with a maximum CMOD 2,5 [mm] is 5,655 [KN], the minimum is 2,849 [KN] and Average 4,202 [KN].- The Load with a maximum CMOD 3,5 [mm] is 5,869 [KN], the minimum is 2,844 [KN] and Average 4,310 [KN].- Residual Resistance with a CMOD of 0.5 [mm] maximum is 1.607 [MPa], the minimum is 0.690 [MPa] and Average 1.204 [MPa].- Residual Resistance with a maximum CMOD 1.5 [mm] is 1.659 [MPa], the minimum is 0.798 [MPa] and Average 1.251 [MPa].- Residual Strength with a maximum CMOD 2,5 [mm] is 1,810 [MPa], the minimum is 0.912 [MPa] and Average 1,345 [MPa].- The Residual Resistance with a maximum CMOD 3.5 [mm] is 1.878 [MPa], the minimum is 0.910 [MPa] and Average 1.379 [MPa].
Description
Catalogado desde la version PDF de la tesis.
Keywords
CARACTERIZACION DE HORMIGONES , FIBRA SINTETICA , HRF