Thesis MITIGACIÓN DEL IMPACTO DE AMBIENTAL DE LA BAHÍA DE QUINTERO MEDIANTE LA IMPLEMENTACIÓN DE UN PARQUE EÓLICO OFFSHORE.
Date
2016
Authors
GAETE ROSALES, RAFAEL IGNACIO
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Abstract
La ciudad de Quintero se considera un área de sacrificio ambiental debido a los altosniveles de contaminación atribuidos a su proximidad con el Parque Industrial de "Ventanas",que contempla dentro de ella: centrales térmicas de carbón de potencia (Ventanas I yII), plantas fundiciones de cobres, plantas de refinería química, compañías de petróleo y decemento. El propósito de este estudio es evaluar la propuesta del gobierno de la sustituciónparcial de las centrales térmicas de carbón existentes por centrales térmicas de gas naturallicuado y la propuesta de los autores de la instalación de un parque eólico oshore en relacióncon su impacto global en la calidad de vida de la comunidad, teniendo en cuenta losimpactos tanto positivos como negativos. En este estudio se analiza el recurso eólico de lazona, la batimetría y se lleva a cabo el diseño del parque. Se realiza la evaluación económicaprivada de este proyecto, considerando como principal objetivo el reemplazo de lageneración a base combustibles fósiles, por energía generada por recursos renovables, y laevaluación social costo-beneficio, considerando los fomentos de la utilización de ERNCy sus beneficios sociales. Lo anterior se complementa con una evaluación multi-criteriopara la toma de decisiones, es decir los criterios de selección, criterios de ponderación,la evaluación y la puntuación final de alternativas tienen en cuenta la participación activade la comunidad. Las exposiciones de parques eólicos oshore la mejor puntuación general,aunque sus costes de inversión son más altos que la propuesta del gobierno, lo quedemuestra que la percepción de la comunidad y la opinión es relevante en particular enproyectos de alto impacto social. Aunque estos resultados son ilustrativos de la ciudad deQuintero y pueden variar si se realiza en otro lugar, hicieron hincapié en la importanciade considerar el proceso participativo en el diseño de políticas públicas. La Evaluaciónmulti-criterio con la participación activa de la comunidad a través bien definidos encuestasy entrevistas es una metodología apropiada para incorporar la opinión de las personasafectadas por un proyecto en particular, que en la actualidad se requiere para garantizar eléxito de una política pública determinada.
The city of Quintero, is considered an area of environmental sacrifice due to the highlevels of pollution attributed to its proximity to the Industrial Park of "Ventanas", wherecoal thermal power plants (Ventanas I and II), copper smelter and refinery plant; chemical,oil and cement companies are located. The purpose of this study is to evaluate government’sproposal of replacing partially the existing coal thermal power plants by liquefiedNatural gas thermal plants and the proposal of the authors of installing an Oshore windfarm in relation to its overall impact on the quality of life of the community, consideringboth positive and negative impacts. In this study the wind resource in the area is analyzed,bathymetry and carried out the design of the park. private economic evaluation of thisproject is done, considering as main goal the replacement of generation fossil fuel base,energy generated by renewable resources, and social cost-benefit evaluation, consideringthe fomentation of the use of NCRE and its benefits social. This is complemented by amulti-criteria evaluation for decision making, i.e the selection criteria, weighting criteria,evaluation, and the final score for alternatives considers the active participation of thecommunity. The Oshore wind farm exhibits the best general score although its investmentcosts are higher than government’s proposal, showing that community perceptionand opinion is relevant particularly in project with high social impact. Although these resultsare illustrative of the city of Quintero and may vary if performed elsewhere, theyemphasized the importance to consider participative process when designing public policies.Multi-criteria evaluation with active participation of the community trough welldefined surveys and interviews is an appropriate methodology to incorporate the opinionof the people aected by a particular project, which nowadays is required to ensure thesuccess of a particular public policy
The city of Quintero, is considered an area of environmental sacrifice due to the highlevels of pollution attributed to its proximity to the Industrial Park of "Ventanas", wherecoal thermal power plants (Ventanas I and II), copper smelter and refinery plant; chemical,oil and cement companies are located. The purpose of this study is to evaluate government’sproposal of replacing partially the existing coal thermal power plants by liquefiedNatural gas thermal plants and the proposal of the authors of installing an Oshore windfarm in relation to its overall impact on the quality of life of the community, consideringboth positive and negative impacts. In this study the wind resource in the area is analyzed,bathymetry and carried out the design of the park. private economic evaluation of thisproject is done, considering as main goal the replacement of generation fossil fuel base,energy generated by renewable resources, and social cost-benefit evaluation, consideringthe fomentation of the use of NCRE and its benefits social. This is complemented by amulti-criteria evaluation for decision making, i.e the selection criteria, weighting criteria,evaluation, and the final score for alternatives considers the active participation of thecommunity. The Oshore wind farm exhibits the best general score although its investmentcosts are higher than government’s proposal, showing that community perceptionand opinion is relevant particularly in project with high social impact. Although these resultsare illustrative of the city of Quintero and may vary if performed elsewhere, theyemphasized the importance to consider participative process when designing public policies.Multi-criteria evaluation with active participation of the community trough welldefined surveys and interviews is an appropriate methodology to incorporate the opinionof the people aected by a particular project, which nowadays is required to ensure thesuccess of a particular public policy
Description
Catalogado desde la version PDF de la tesis.
Keywords
AREA DE SACRIFICIO AMBIENTAL , ENERGIAS RENOVABLES NO CONVENCIONALES , EVALUACION MULTI-CRITERIO,