Thesis DISEÑO Y CONSTRUCCIÓN DE UN CANAL HIDRÁULICO CON VERTEDERO LATERAL PARA EL LABORATORIO DE HIDRÁULICA
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Date
2016-11
Authors
BRAVO CORANTE, EDUARDO ANDRÉS
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Abstract
El proyecto en el cual se enmarca el presente trabajo de memoria, consistió en el diseño yconstrucción de un canal hidráulico para el Laboratorio de Hidráulica del Departamento deObras Civiles. Existen canales en el Laboratorio, pero no permiten observar el comportamientohidráulico de obras de derivación de caudal como son los vertederos laterales, los cuales sonestudiados en el ramo de Hidráulica Teórica y Laboratorio. La posibilidad de alterar los canalesexistentes de tal forma de instalar en ellos un vertedero lateral es inviable, por lo tanto surge lanecesidad de desarrollar un proyecto que contemple construir un nuevo canal que permite elestudio de tres obras de derivación de caudal, un vertedero lateral, una compuerta lateral y unarejilla de infiltración.El presente trabajo describe la planeación, diseño, construcción y operación del nuevo canalhidráulico de manera general y de manera específica se enfoca en el diseño, construcción yoperación del vertedero lateral del canal, es decir, incluye todas las etapas de un proyecto deobras civiles en las que un ingeniero puede ejercer su profesión, pero ciertamente desarrolladoa una menor escala en comparación a los proyectos del quehacer diario del ingeniero civil. Laplaneación del proyecto involucró un estudio económico, en el cual se definió el financiamientodel proyecto por parte del Departamento de Obras Civiles, se realizó un prediseño del canal yen función de este se desarrolló un presupuesto estimado de tal forma de determinar laviabilidad económica del proyecto dado el financiamiento. El diseño contempló un canal deacrílico de 4 [m] de largo, con una sección transversal de 15 [cm] de base por 25 [cm] de altura.Una bomba recirculadora capaz de bombear al canal un caudal entre los 0,5 [L/s] y los 10 [L/s]y un sistema de cambio de pendiente capaz de variar la pendiente de fondo del canal entre un-0,5% y un 5%. Se diseñaron 14 piezas capaces de funcionar por separado como un vertederolateral en el canal. Se incluyeron diseños con cuatro largos diferentes de 30, 40, 50 y 60 [cm]y cuatro alturas diferentes de vertedero de 3, 6, 10 y 15 [cm] aproximadamente. La construccióncontempló trabajar con acrílico, material usado para la fabricación del canal, se construyó suestructura de soporte con perfiles de acero, el sistema de tuberías y algunos detalles necesariospara el correcto funcionamiento del canal. La operación del canal con vertedero lateralcontempló el desarrollo y validación de dos ecuaciones empíricas capaces de estimar elcoeficiente de descarga del vertedero lateral del canal, la estimación del caudal vertido por elvertedero mediante la teoría vigente y la comparación de estos resultados con los resultadosobservados en el laboratorio. Finalmente se elaboró una guía de laboratorio que permitirá a losalumnos desarrollar su experiencia de laboratorio de manera óptima, entregando informaciónrespecto a la teoría vigente de los vertederos laterales, el correcto manejo del canal, losprocedimientos a realizar en la experiencia y los alcances esperados de la misma.
The project which I’m about to present, consistent in disigning and construction of a hydraulicchannel for the Hydraulics Laboratory of the Department of Civil Engineering. There are otherchannels in the Laboratory, but they do not allow to observe the hydraulic behavior like thelateral flow such as side weirs, which they are studied in the department of TheoreticalHydraulic and Laboratory. It is impossible to alter the existing channels to install in them a sideweir. It requires the designing of a project that includes building a new channel. It requiresbypass flow, a side weir, a lateral gate, and a infiltration grid.This project describes the planification, design, construction and operation of the new hydraulicchannel in a general way but it specifically shows the design, construction and operation of theside weir of the cannel. It includes all stages of a civil engineering project where an engineercan practice their profession on a smaller scale compared to an every day’s work of a civilengineer. The planification of the project involved a economic study, the funding was providedby the Department of Civil Works. We made a predisign of the channel and developed aestimated budget to determine the economic viability of the project due the funding. The designconsisted of an acrylic channel of 4 [m] long, with a cross section of 15 [cm] and base with 25[cm] in height. A recirculating pump capable of pumping the channel with a flow of 0,5 [L/s],10 [L/s], and a pendant changing system that is able to differ the pendant background of thechannel between a -0,5% and a 5%. We designed 14 pieces capable of separately working likea lateral landfill in the channel. We also included lengths of 30, 40, 50 and 60 [cm] and fourdifferent landfill heights of 3, 6, 10 and 15 [cm] approximately. The construction involvedworking with acrylic. This material was used for the manufacture of the channel. The structurewas built with steel and the piping system, along with some detailed requirements for the properfunctioning of the channel. The operation of the channel with a side weir included thedevelopment and validation of two empirical equations able to estimate the dischargecoefficient of a side channel landfill, estimating the flow discharged by the landfill by currenttheory and comparison of these results and the results observed in the laboratory. Finally, wemade a laboratory guide that allows students to efficiently develop their own laboratoryexperience by providing information regarding the current theory of the side landfills, thecorrect handling of the channel, the procedures to be performed on experience, and theexpected scope.
The project which I’m about to present, consistent in disigning and construction of a hydraulicchannel for the Hydraulics Laboratory of the Department of Civil Engineering. There are otherchannels in the Laboratory, but they do not allow to observe the hydraulic behavior like thelateral flow such as side weirs, which they are studied in the department of TheoreticalHydraulic and Laboratory. It is impossible to alter the existing channels to install in them a sideweir. It requires the designing of a project that includes building a new channel. It requiresbypass flow, a side weir, a lateral gate, and a infiltration grid.This project describes the planification, design, construction and operation of the new hydraulicchannel in a general way but it specifically shows the design, construction and operation of theside weir of the cannel. It includes all stages of a civil engineering project where an engineercan practice their profession on a smaller scale compared to an every day’s work of a civilengineer. The planification of the project involved a economic study, the funding was providedby the Department of Civil Works. We made a predisign of the channel and developed aestimated budget to determine the economic viability of the project due the funding. The designconsisted of an acrylic channel of 4 [m] long, with a cross section of 15 [cm] and base with 25[cm] in height. A recirculating pump capable of pumping the channel with a flow of 0,5 [L/s],10 [L/s], and a pendant changing system that is able to differ the pendant background of thechannel between a -0,5% and a 5%. We designed 14 pieces capable of separately working likea lateral landfill in the channel. We also included lengths of 30, 40, 50 and 60 [cm] and fourdifferent landfill heights of 3, 6, 10 and 15 [cm] approximately. The construction involvedworking with acrylic. This material was used for the manufacture of the channel. The structurewas built with steel and the piping system, along with some detailed requirements for the properfunctioning of the channel. The operation of the channel with a side weir included thedevelopment and validation of two empirical equations able to estimate the dischargecoefficient of a side channel landfill, estimating the flow discharged by the landfill by currenttheory and comparison of these results and the results observed in the laboratory. Finally, wemade a laboratory guide that allows students to efficiently develop their own laboratoryexperience by providing information regarding the current theory of the side landfills, thecorrect handling of the channel, the procedures to be performed on experience, and theexpected scope.
Description
Catalogado desde la version PDF de la tesis.
Keywords
CANAL HIDRAULICO , COEFICIENTE DE DESCARGA , VERTEDERO LATERAL