Thesis DISEÑO DE PLAN DE MANEJO SUSTENTABLE DE MANTENIMIENTO DE LOS TRANQUES CORDILLERANOS LA OLA Y JUNCAL CODELCO CHILE - DIVISION SALVADOR
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Date
2017-07
Authors
MEDRANO PALOMO, JULIÁN ANDRES
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Abstract
La mayor fuente de abastecimiento de agua industrial para el desarrollo de los procesos mineros
ejecutados por la División Salvador, son los tranques La Ola y Juncal. Hoy en día estos tranques
presentan problemas de operación, producidos principalmente por la acumulación de sedimento
en su interior, que resta capacidad de almacenamiento y pone en riesgo la continuidad del servicio
de agua industrial.
La presente memoria consiste en determinar la mejor alternativa técnica y económica, para
realizar la extracción del sedimento de los tranques La Ola y Juncal, junto con desarrollar un plan
de manejo y mantención, sustentable en el tiempo, que evite que se vuelvan a embancar. Para
lograr lo anterior, se realizaron campañas en terreno, que permitieron definir la condición actual
en la que se encuentran los tranques cordilleranos, obtener muestras del sedimento embancado,
medir parámetros hidráulicos de interés, e identificar las principales fuentes de generación del
sedimento. Además se recopilaron los antecedentes necesarios en los archivadores de la División
Salvador, y se realizó la revisión bibliografica correspondiente para el desarrollo de esta memoria.
La memoria consta de seis capítulos, en los que se estudiaron distintos tópicos. El primero es un
capítulo de introducción, en donde se presentan los objetivos, alcances y la metodología utilizada.
En el segundo capítulo se describen las condiciones de sitio, las características principales y el
estado de conservación de los tranques La Ola y Juncal. En el tercer capítulo se analizan tres
alternativas para la extracción de los sedimentos acumulados al interior de los tranques, y
seleccionó la mejor, tomando en cuenta criterios técnicos y económicos. El cuarto capítulo nace de
un requerimiento particular por parte de DSAL, que solicita estimar el tiempo medio de
embancamiento de los tranques. En consecuencia se realiza un análisis conceptual del arrastre de
sedimentos en el río La Ola y se determina el gasto sólido promedio. El quinto capítulo
corresponde al desarrollo del plan de manejo y mantención para los tranques La Ola y Juncal, este
plan y el conjunto de medidas que conlleva, permite dar solución a los problemas de acumulación
de sedimento en los tranques y evitar que se vuelvan a embancar. El capítulo final de esta
memoria corresponde a las conclusiones, las cuales se desarrollan en función de los objetivos
planteados en el primer capítulo y según los resultados obtenidos en el desarrollo de esta
memoria.
The largest source of industrial water supply for the mining processes carried out by Salvador Division of CODELCO (DSAL), are the La Ola and Juncal reservoirs. Nowadays these reservoirs present operational problems, produced mainly by the accumulation of sediments, occupying part of the water storage capacity and putting at risk the continuity of the industrial water supply. This report consists of determining the best technical and economic alternative for the extraction of sediment from the La Ola and Juncal reservoirs, together with the development of a management and maintenance plan, sustainable over time, that will prevent them from being filled with sediments again. Field measurement campaigns were carried out to define the present condition of the Andean reservoirs, to obtain samples of the sediment, to measure hydraulic parameters of interest, and to identify the main sources of sediment. In addition, the necessary records were compiled from the archives of DSAL, and a corresponding bibliographic review was carried out to develop this report. The report consists of six chapters where different topics were studied. The first is an introductory chapter, where the objectives, scope and methodology used are presented. The second chapter describes the site conditions, the main characteristics and the state of conservation of the La Ola and Juncal reservoirs. In the third chapter, three alternatives for the extraction of sediments accumulated in the reservoirs are analyzed, and the best alternative is selected, considering technical and economic criteria. The fourth chapter addresses a requirement of DSAL, which requests to estimate the average time required for the reservoirs to be re-filled with sediments. Therefore, a conceptual analysis of sediment trawling is carried out for La Ola river and the average solid flow rate is determined. The fifth chapter corresponds to the development of the management and maintenance plan for La Ola and Juncal reservoirs. The implementation of this plan and the set of measures that it entails, give solution to the problems of sediment accumulation in the reservoirs and help to avoid that they are re-filled with sediments over time. The final chapter of this report corresponds to the conclusions, which are developed according to the objectives set forth in the first chapter and according to the results obtained in the development of this report.
The largest source of industrial water supply for the mining processes carried out by Salvador Division of CODELCO (DSAL), are the La Ola and Juncal reservoirs. Nowadays these reservoirs present operational problems, produced mainly by the accumulation of sediments, occupying part of the water storage capacity and putting at risk the continuity of the industrial water supply. This report consists of determining the best technical and economic alternative for the extraction of sediment from the La Ola and Juncal reservoirs, together with the development of a management and maintenance plan, sustainable over time, that will prevent them from being filled with sediments again. Field measurement campaigns were carried out to define the present condition of the Andean reservoirs, to obtain samples of the sediment, to measure hydraulic parameters of interest, and to identify the main sources of sediment. In addition, the necessary records were compiled from the archives of DSAL, and a corresponding bibliographic review was carried out to develop this report. The report consists of six chapters where different topics were studied. The first is an introductory chapter, where the objectives, scope and methodology used are presented. The second chapter describes the site conditions, the main characteristics and the state of conservation of the La Ola and Juncal reservoirs. In the third chapter, three alternatives for the extraction of sediments accumulated in the reservoirs are analyzed, and the best alternative is selected, considering technical and economic criteria. The fourth chapter addresses a requirement of DSAL, which requests to estimate the average time required for the reservoirs to be re-filled with sediments. Therefore, a conceptual analysis of sediment trawling is carried out for La Ola river and the average solid flow rate is determined. The fifth chapter corresponds to the development of the management and maintenance plan for La Ola and Juncal reservoirs. The implementation of this plan and the set of measures that it entails, give solution to the problems of sediment accumulation in the reservoirs and help to avoid that they are re-filled with sediments over time. The final chapter of this report corresponds to the conclusions, which are developed according to the objectives set forth in the first chapter and according to the results obtained in the development of this report.
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Keywords
DIVISIÓN SALVADOR , EXTRACCIÓN DE SEDIMENTO
